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6°ٱ
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Ƽ򵥵һȭȴþҶܵĪΣӿһɲõԤУüǾ֡

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16
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һĹľҶʧУҶҲûͣæתȥ

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24Ѫ
Ҷһ״̬ںڣȴоı仯籾һ㡣
֮֫ٺߣӿڸ֮УʹУ类ڿʳһ㡣
ҵʹҶݽ壬Ҳֳʹ顣
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ΪʵҲҶ찲˲٣Ҷǿ߲ʦ۷壬ƾʵǿܹԱ

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Ҷ̲ס֣ʱҲɻɱľϵ֪£Ҳ޷ﵽϡ

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25Ҷ۵
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Ҷ׵ͷͬ䷽ʽ

26ȭ
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Ͼ似ʱŪһЩҸƫƧĵطܱһЩҪ鷳

27½
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Ҷһû֣ӳ֣һȭ㽫ͷ­飬Էûüҽб㱻ֱӻɱ

28Ҷı
ѪĴɽҶ쳤۶ȾѪɫȴ˿⣬ע˺ϡ
նɱʦޣӦƽʱ˲٣ѪմҶٸиһů
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ٶȣҪ˶ñͻʦʱսǡ
ʱȻţ֪һʱʹ˹ȥںڸǿһع鱾оһʹ
һҶˬ߳Ѩں˽죬粻Źȥһʱѡ
Ҷ̰ΣҶȻȥһˣҶ۸ӵƢưոݣôԼ鷳
ҶµĲࡣ
ۼһʱȥҶȴһֱû¶棬鷳ûʲôᣬҶʮֱֲܿ
Ժڡ
ҶͤʯϣŹڵϵܿѯʣ°ˣҶϢ
ءټδ鵽Ϣ
ҶһܿѯʹҶˣֻȥˡ
Ҷٴἰ£ܿ˲²⣬֮ԶģԴΪҶ졣
Ȼܿ뷨䣬Ҷڶ
ֻҪһҶѾˣҶС
ҵ˼𣿡
Ҷ迴ܿǻ¶һĨЦݡ

29±ʣ
ټģ׸ô
ܿæظ֤
Ҷĵ˵ͷ
ãҾ͵Ϣ
˵ţҶ뿪
ҶʧУܿй֮ȥȡ֮ء
૵ĲƾҲҶٶֱ롣
Ȱ¸֪Ҷٰɡ
ܿٶ룬׼ȥѰҶ죬⡣
Դӵõ׹ܿʵõһʵʵĺôõ֣ҶҲԽġ
Ҷ뺦Ҷ죬ܿȻ⡣
˵ˣҶ¼ϵĳʱ֣Ҷ˲֪ҲܿıøӼᶨ
ܿ߳ͥԺһӱӭ˹
¾ʱ۲ǱߵĶΪͻȻˣ
ع£λһҪ֪㡣
ʲô£
ܿһ䡣
ܹ£ٱ󲻲ǰųϢǰʼһ֪ϢϻˣѶ
ʲôǰˣ
ܿɫǳѿϾǱ߿˵ֻҪһ͵Ҷ̼޸档
ԭʣʱͲ࣬ỹǰҶɲʲôϢ
һܿٴοѯʣʲôʱʼ
졣
ã֪ˣȥɡ
ȥ֪ܿ¹ش󣬲ܼȥֱɽ
ܿɽҶ졣
ôַʲô𣿡
Ҷ콻ûʲôܿԼȴһæȻǷʲôʡ
Ҷ٣ղҶˣҶʧһ¶֡
⣬ϢأٱὫտʼ
ǰһϢҶ첻ô⣬ϾҶԼɱû֤ݡ
ֻҪҶ첻ϣҶ鷳ҲðȻ֡
ͻȻǰȷʵҶЩ⧲֮ͻһὫҶϡ
һ뵽⣬Ҷüͷһ
ܿҶָ۵˸ʱöԷԡ
ңϣǲҪѰ·
Ҷ˵һ䡣
ܿܵҶϵϢ
ϢÿȥҲ죬ܿ˻˼֡
Ҷ쿴ܿ㰴Ҷ뷨ȥ켴ɣȻҪһɣǱ㽫ֵɸ
Ҷ٣һǷǳ
ܿԼҶˣ˫һپ٣һȻϣҶ֣˶űȽϵġ
ģƾҶ軹κβң㰴ողŵķԸȥɣ²̫죬ж
ãҶҶٷԸȥ죬
ܿûмѯʣϾҶ춼ѻ˵ϣ϶ԼƻֻҪʵշԸ¾С
Ҷܿȥ
һͷҶ㷢Ҷ̵ΣʱСϳǳȻ˸ղŵ̸ҲԼʲô
硭ˣΪҡ
ҶһЩûʲôæˣΪԼ绹ҪȻ
ҶԽԽԲҶ죬Ҳ˱õ䲻ѡ
Ҷ̵仯Ҷǰ΢Ц
ɵѾͷϹˣ㻹Ÿʵ𣿡
˵ˣѾͷǳɹ壬δɾͲηһССҡ
ĺˣ¸ܽǻҪһͬĸһء
һҶĸҶ¶˼֮ɫ漴ص˵ͷ
磬ˣһúһ𽫸ĸһصġ
ҶǼᶨ
Ҷ̣ҶصԼéݣֽó
ҪӵжԿҵʵõİ취ͻƣϾΪʱ̫չ
һ֣Χ¶֮һ˸
ҶĿ£ͱԽԽֱװһˡ
ҶһԾУ漴һƽɫ棬Χζ
ɾôһƽɫ棬ȴҶŤ¶ޱʹı顣
֮⣬֮Ҷ켡ֱըѪ˿ڴ
һĹҶ㻯Ѫˣûһõĵط
ɾʹ࣬ҶһԣԭŤݣҲ𽥻ָ
ɫ治ھڻƣҶԽԽء
£ҶΨһõıþѪָơ
˵ʮʹ࣬ջȴʮţɫף״ЧȻǷǳš
Źûʱ䣬ҶܸܵǿвС
ȥҪ˶ٴɱ䣬ʱսܵõ

30ħ
ʱ䲻ƣҶָٶ𽥼ӿ죬Ѫ֮ӿʹЩ˿ڲϡ
һʱҶԭ˺۵ٴλָøӹ⻬Ӥһ㡣
Ѫ֮ˮڸӿҶԸоϢ˽ǧҡ
Ψһźıǣǿõ˲Сɶɱ䡣
˵ûдﵽԤЧһҶʮ⣬ǧʵҲ˵õС

Ҷʱ䣬ǰԭ̫ԳǱֲѣʿѶ
׹⣬ٱ󻹽ƷҩϢɢȥϢʦʹ֡
Ϊҵɱ֮ˣòǿڰٱΧ
ʱȻţһʱת˲š
ҶӾ̤ʱž죬Ѫ֮ӡ
γõǿҶΪҲһС磬֮ϲ
Ϣ߳Ҷܵһɺ⣬Ҷéݿȥ
ʱҶ˫գһĺںӰµһǷΧ
ĿǰҶǻһʱ䣬Ҷ첢δȥţһϢ㶯ǰٱ
ԭҶҴ󲿷˶ǰٱ˽ҶԵЩ塣
һ˿ҶңЩ˿Ҷϱ죬оηҲвм
ֻԴҶڼ֮дҶ֮˸ҽ
񿴵Ҷ죬һЩԭҶӵܣʱ׷׵ͷӡ
˱仯Ҷ⡣
ҶγʧһӶʱһЦоâ˸
תͷһ˵ҶѾ뿪Ҷͨȥ֪ͨҵˣǰк֪ô
ԣҶͨҵæתֱҶȥ
ЦԽŨһҶʧתͷɽ
૵Ҷ죬ǵټ³츳ǿΣվֻһ޷
૽ӿ༸ˡ
ţȥ¸֪ү
䣬ת뿪

Ҹۡ
ҶͨٶȺܿ죬˰ʱҡ
ҶͨԼݣһŻӭ˳
Ϊаӡ
һаҶͨ϶ʱֳɵ֮ɫ
а̫ԳǣպյĴڡ
츳ҶǰéĴڣаĺޱɱԸǷ޳
Ще˲
ұӻټаһħŵݣû˸Ҷ
ħֻţʵȲڣ֮е˶ǷӣΪĿĲֶΣ
ǵħţǽ֮˾ĨɱȻܵ޾
˵ɣʲô£
аĿ䣬ɨҶͨһۣǹ˵΢Ц
ŶԷǲĿ⣬Ҷͨûɸоһһ뵽Ҷ谲ŵ񣬵ǿƽ
˵֪ͨǣԶˡ
ŶڿԶ𡣡
аԵЩ˷ܣͷԼ촽һֻ˵ޡ
߰ɣҪ˷ʱ䡣
¹غԼ棬аҲҵҶͨһͬǰҶҡ

Ҷߣʱ򱦸󣬽򱦸֣ŶӵŽ
뺯ڣҶͨרͨδ̫ʱ䣬
ҶսһȺ߳ʱ˷ܡ
ڷһˣû뵽Ļҳ֣þ콫Ϣ֪
Ƭ̹󣬺ӽ¥̤һר䣬Ҵ󲿷ָ߲㶼ڸ֮УȴῪʼ
ͻȻĺӣƺ²⵽ʲôԵЩ˷ܡ
û񴨿ѯʣڻ㱨Сˣͨ뺯ᡣ
úúã
СڳˣҶҪ
ɱӿһȭȭͷÿ֨죬ԭϢ
һڳϣʱҲ˷ܣ֮ǻȡ
壬ҪҪڶ֣
һλϰͲסѯʡ
񴨰˰֡
²ٱӻǵøҪҲ뿪С
ȥ̽Сӵλã˳㽫¸֪Ҷңһ֣ͬҶҵҲС
ģš
ҶҴӧ
ãǾͽȥ죬мǲСӷ쳣
ȥ͸翴̨䴦¥һ¥̨ľɾ۵ס

31ºɫ
Ҷ¥䲻ãյϢ˹
ҶСѣּˡ
Ц⣬˵ͬʱӻóһ䣬Ҷ˹ȥ
СѣҪĴ󲿷ֱҩҵˣֻмֱҩ̫ϡȱһֱûʲôϢ
Ҷӹ俴һۡ
޷ЩҩҲˣ鷳Գˡ

СѿˣΪ㣬εҲ֣ӦҪллŶԡ
һϣ˺档
Ϊ似뼫Ʒҩԭʹܵٱ߲㿴УδлòٽҶǷĸм
ЩһֱѹһֱҲʲôЧİ취ΪҶԭҲ޷ڵľ档
ƽرȴͻȻ
ҶСѣɱİɣ
ͻȻʴ£Ҷ첻׶Էʲô˼˲δӦǾĿŶԷ΢һ
СѲҪᣬ뿪ٱҵ֪֣ǰȥæֻһ
õͣҶص
ȷʵɱģԹΪͻȻἰ£
ģСѱҵ˸ˣҷ̽Ϣ
ҶСҪҰٱԸΪṩ
ĿֱֱĿҶ죬ȴĻӦ
Ŷ
ҶԾȣϾ˶֪ٱӲ׷ԷȴҪԼⲻò⡣
ǰٱһ򲻲𣿡
Ǻǡ
ҶѯʣزÿɷЦЦصֻҪ¶ݣ˭֪򱦸ˡ
˵ˣҶСôæȻ¡
лϺ⣬ܽ
Ҷ첢ذæһҶѣʵֻҪ治Գ֣ʲôв
ãȻҶСţϷҲͲҪ˵ˣҪĵطʱڡ
زδ˵ϾҶ챳һλƷʦƾŵʦݣԸһȷʵ´ࡣ
ҶСѣϿʼʱҪֱӽмۼɣһͬ㡣
ã֪ˡ
Ҷ캮Ѽرת뿪˰䣬Ϊٱ£кܶµȥԴ޷̫ͣʱ䡣
ջĿ⣬Ҷתͷһ¥ִʱ·Ϊ˽ڴĵῪʼ
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˻һֳʱһ󾪺նʱ
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Ӽ˷׹ǿθС˶ѣرңһڴҲûгֵ˼
ա
׹ɽΪʮƷʯһλɢ޳ɹߡ
ڵڶһȱĳȻƷײͣɲȱأ˾۵˲ࡣ
һһƷ̨Ҷ쿴һȦҲûԼҪĶ
λһһꪣǴһ޶ãûκƷףȴӲޱȣش
һԹ޶ȷʵ˵Ȥɵ֪ûƷ׺󣬴󲿷ʧȥȤ
Ȼ
һַǳڴشһ㣬֤ϲһ㡣
սܽһɫꪱ㱻̧ⳤ꪿⼣߰ߣһʱѵĸо
ۼƷ֮һЩԭ뷨ˣʱǷ׷ʧȥȤ
˵ķӦҲֻεЦЦⳤƷȷʵ̫ʦҲоûʲôֵ

ļ۶ʮƷʯʼ
밲δۣȻ˼ֵֵ
ȻûҪҳʮһôȱһϡ
Ӷ¥䴫˷׷Ѱȥڲ²˵֮˵ݡ
ʮ򡣡
˵һ˿ڣҲ½˲УƷǲһ㣬ɶ쳤ꪵĲϷǳеֵġ
ʱҶҶԳȤȱһֵԭѰʵ̫ᡣ
ǰⳤشҶ˵ٺʲȻ
ʮƷʯ
ҶֱһԼ
ǸСӡ
Ҷ߸һۣҴϱתͷ񴨡
ԡ
һЦ
ȻҪõꪣһôС
ʮ򡣡
񴨻ûü֣һ֮˾ּ
Ŷ
һЦŨ
Լˡ

32ڣ˳
ʮ򡣡
Ҷû˿ԥٴμʮ
ڣһüͷ΢塣
ʶôҸǱ֪ʲôвࡣ
һ򡣡
˼һʱһƬȻ
м۽ӻڣ˳ãλӡ
˳֮¶Լݣ˼в˼ȻҶ졣
찡ǹ˳û뵽λǰ
ٿսꪣֻҪСû⣬ۡ
ԭ½ʦʦһʮϡУʵ䲻ǶĴڣλȴͬһ㡣
ЩΪǿߴǷ飬ʹڵλˮǴߣ˸׵⡣
˵˳¶ı飬üǰȻһʮܵģ
Ȼ
ʱɫȴѿ˶ѹˣҲûоٱıҪˣԷΪơ
˹ӣǰٱ󣬻㲻Ҫƻء
ǳ䣬˿ûΪ˳ݶη塣
ԣ˳ɫһӲҲֳŭ֮ɫ˲ӣʮֲˬ
ڹ˳ŭ֮ʣԵæѣ򱦸׵ǽĿġ
ߡ
˳һȻʮֲˬȴĻ˻ȥ
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Ϊ¾ʹ˳䶨֮ʱҶ쾹ٴμӼһ
һһ򡣡

˳ȻŭԼ͸¶ˣԷҾۣɱĴ󶯣˸űĺ⡣
áõȺܡ
ٿϵĶҲ治֪ĵ
򡣡
ΪԼĲ˳ԥټһѡ
˶ܸоʱĹ˳Ƕ𣬷׷¶Ϸı顣
ڱŭĹ˳Ҷǲ̲ٴμһ룬ûκβ

ڣ˳ɫˮȭͷһ
۸һǧʱ˳ˡ
ϾĿ似˷ʯֵõġ
áõúܡ
ûãټסˡ
˳ͺһ䣬δӼۡ
ա
ɫһǧļ۸񣬳ɹҶС
ΪԼӡ
˳ڣѻǴǧʯһȷʵֵ

˳һڣһ¥ʿ׷׷ЦȻͬ˵
ԭˣ˳һֱۣǽ˵ԩͷˡ
ȷʵɵˣһǧһ˵ڣǿˡ

ΪӭϹ˳˷׷׳Ҷ졣
Ͼ˳Ϊ˵һȻʲôֵ̫
˵ĳҶֱӡ
ڡ
ꪱ͵ҶУܵгꪵ¶ı顣
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شٴֲȫһʮᡣ
д֣ǶѰʦҶ㹻ܹɱ֡
´һҶڳϷ֣˵ǹ⼣߰ߣȴʮ
ǽꪡ
ҶһԼӡǣƳһξѪ
Ѫһ㱻գҶҲ׽ϵ
һУҶ콫֮С
ͨղŵĹ۲죬ꪵĲϷͬһ㣬ú֮״һƷʿһ
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¥ĳڣľɾڸ֮Уϻ굶̨ʱ
λģǱѹƷ֮һ似ϻ굶
ϼ似Ʒ似еļƷгɣƷ似

жʱһȻֻǳĬƬ̣㴫־
ǼƷƷ似˵似û뵽ᣬǳʶˡ
ǰҲ֪Էʲôݣó˵Ʒʵ似

ҲסˣĿ̨εĻȡ
֪ķӦľεҡҡͷ¶һĨء
ñȽϴæϵʯرֻ̫࣬ԳǸĽ
ڼƷҩԭ򣬵²ٵʦѶЩһǸͣṦɹ̫͡
ľҲֻоΪܲܳɹ¡ϻ굶Ǳֻܿˡ

33¾
۽
ٴ𣺡ϻ굶ļǧƷʯÿξ۲õƷʯ
һ䣬񴨵һۡ
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һھֱӼ˶ǧ򣬿ɼ񴨶似ǳ
ǧ򡣡
ǧ򡣡

񴨵Ŀͷ۵ȻԽԽ࣬ûһֱڡ
˳һĻⲻոտʼѣڵļ۸ֵ֡
ǧ򡣡
ۼʱˣеľɼӼǧʱݼž
˸ߵļ۸ʹò˷׷ѡ˳Ͼּ۸ѲܳܵģǸ֮Ĳġ
ڰǧ򡣡
˳ٴμǧ򣬶似ڱصá
ڹ˳ղ͸¶ݣһڣ¶ԥ֮ɫʵΪµڡ
Ҫ𣿡
ҴϿʵ
׼ʯ뾺ٽһμۡ
񴨰˰֣ˣֻҪǸСӣܻͬ似ûҪµ١
Ӣ
ҴϹάһ䡣
񴨶Ŵϰ˰֣漴˵ٴҷۡ
ݣԴ˲ù˳øУԷϹϵҲܴ档
Ҷҷۡ
뵽ģҶȻ뵽ҲԼ̬ȡ
Щһﻹ֪֮
Ҷҵ̬ȣ˳ʮ⣬¶Ц⡣
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ΪԷ񣬶ûκκô
ˣǱʵ˵ɡ
˳ݺһҧ
ڵǧ򡣡

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ϾѰƷ似ǲ۸һƷ似ܵǧǾԸ߼ˡ
˳۸һľ¶һĨɫѳĳܷΧֻ̾һѡ
ľɲپۣù˳¶ʤȯյı飬û˶ãһϤ
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ϡ
˳ŭ⣬ĿͶҶڸ䣬гŨɱ⡣
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СӣΪٲҶ㲻ɣ
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ûûӡ
˵ĸ˳ѿɫ滺˲٣ٴ¶Ц⡣
Ҷ㻹һ㡣
˳һ⣬漴ƵСӣ㻹ʲô˵
ûǸʵó˳Ҫﶪۡ
С㣬Ҽǵðٱй涨ǺұߣᱻϳΪ֫ɣǲǿԶˣ
Ҷһֱûзù˳ΪԼ²ˣȲ봦Է
һ뵽Ҷҵĳ˳ЦҲѹƲס
Ҳ׷׿ȴĶ
ĻȴǺݺݴ˹˳
ҶٳҰװٸƣɵʯڣ˹ӳۣ似Ҷٵˡ
ʲôСӵƣ
˳Ц¶ŵı顣
ٱƿѰ˸òڣҲֻõһơ
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ûпҶݣͨ˵ҲƲ䶨Ȼ
õƣԿݶȻͬһ㡣
һЩҶˣʱ׷ױտڲԣΪ˵

34ͨ
һˣڵ֪ҶӵƺҲԱֵü両ֳɵ顣
õɰٱƣݶȻͬһ㣬ԥ˼ҪҪ֡
ˣٲ򵥣ɱҶӾͱ
գ񴨻Ǿ֣棬˱
۹˳ߣʱѷŭ˼㣬ɫˮ˫ȭÿ֨졣
áõúܡ
ҵҪжʯ
˳Լȹ̧һ۸񣬴ӶһҶ죬ٽ似
һԼûκԴҶһѣõ似νһá
뵽⣬˳ãٴθֳЦ⣬¶ʤȯյ顣
ٳһǧ򡣡
˳һڣҶæϡ
ڶǧ򡣡
ߣ˳⿪ڳ漴ٴνмۣǧ򡣡
˳ٴμǧ򣬴˼۸ԶƷ似ֵ˳ĿͶҶڸ䣬ȴڽмۡ
˹Ӵ似øˡ
Ҷ辺ûȵȴôһ仰˳Ц˲佩Ӳ˫ʱһƬ졣
Сӣټסˡ˳м⼸ˣгɱ⡣
ҲӦ˹˳ǱҶһʮ
һﵽʲôˣ˵٣ѵͲڱ𣿡
޼ɵݶȥ˵ˣϾһҲòơ

СʲôݣԹرԸ񣬿϶ôˡ
֪Թ˳ƢһǾͻҶ졣
˲²ò࣬˳ɹ似תͷߡ
µ˶һ㣬ҪСΪԼΪۡ
үݡ
ûиҶǰʵԸðȻ֡
ȰĻ˵һ룬˳ȴֱӴϣҲʲôݣ˶ǸСӣڲ衣
ǣȥ졣
ףԼ˵ٶҲûãֻðչ˳İȥ
СҶҪ
˳ҧгݣޱ䡣
ԭ似⣬˳һЩҩôһļƷҩûʲôˡ
˳˼
ٴδǱһƷƷͨ
̨ϾӨ͸ͨհȥٴη
찡ǵƣÿһöͨǼƷƷʣ⵽Ƶġ
ҪƳ˵ƷʵҩƷʦҲһܳɹɣ̫ԳǺʱֵȼʦˣ

ⵤҩеƣʵ̫˼
־ϣΪĵЩʦʱ˫۷Ź⣬ͬʲôŮһ㡣
ͨһöٱֱӷΪݣܽ󻯡
ͨ۵ĻǵʦһʿҲȣջǽ뷨ѹȥǶ˵ʦ
ܼͨ۸˾ڶ࣬Ҳòϣʦļҵȷʵ
һԻôʯЩʦ˿û۵˼еֻ޾
λᵽ˽ӭλ
˵һ仰ת뿪ֱҶλöȥ
ˡ

䣬óһöָݸҶ졣
Ҷӣ۳ռҩꪵʯʯˣһǧ򡣡
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Ҷһлֽӹ䡣
Ҷӣвڴ̽Ϣ㲻ҪҰװٸΪṩ
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Ҷӣͨһֱߣֱϳǣڴǵ´κ
Ҷ΢΢һЦ

35˼
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һǵض΢΢ҡͷȻҶСӾܾǰæȻ㹻ĵ
ðȻ֣ԷĲ죬ıɷͬһ㣬ЩҲκβ
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İɣ˸ȥ浽򲻵ѵʱ򶨲ῴҶСѳ¡
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ΪһЩҪ鷳Ҷ쵱ָԭòȥ;б˷֣Ҳɡ

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˵ʲôˣ˫֮ĳԹ޷⣬ǴģҲֻһ·ߵڡ
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ԨͻȻ֣Ҷ쾹Ѫзȥʱ䣬æ̧һУͼѪиջ
ԨվһҶǰѪץС
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ϻ껨⣬Ҷ컹ͬʱ걦ҩɢϼ⣬ʱһöһ㡣
գҶǵûиоʹ¶ˬı飬ҲԵ

92
׵ļӳ֣ϻ껨ٶȱԽԽ죬ҶԸоĻȲ
Ż꺣Ĳţϵʹ˵õ⣬ʱ¶ܵı顣
ʱȻţ֪һʱȥҶҲβԭ˽ɡ
һҶǳ⣬漴˾ϢȻһأ˵ΪûеõͻƣϢǿ˲١
һУɻУҶ쵱߳˶Ѩ
ֿʱޣԼץסᣬѰһЩԵܡ
ȻҶ߳չ֮ûãһ˿쳣ʱͣ˽Ų
ۼԼѱ֣ڰе˲أ˳
ӰӭҶ쿴˹˽ĵӰ⻹һˣǱڵĹ˳
˳Ҷ졣
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˳ǵ˷ܣ˼λǿߣѪǹŻòҶ졣
Ҷ΢Уֱһû뵽ġ
Ͼ֪Ϣ֪ѪǹڲԸӦòֲŶԡ
ҶǰɣڵǷǱɱ
˽ǰһҶ췢ʣг졣
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˽ٴοڣ㲻Ҳûϵѻ֪꣬еһԵɡ
˽ǰȻƺԶҶһ㣬˿ûа
ʵ˽Ҳ޷ȷµӵǷҶйأ֮ѡ֣ҪǴӹ˳֪һЩϢ
һԭķڼ̵ʱ𣬲ó似ǻնɱ̹ǵһγ
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Ͼ֮Уûӳ֣ΪᱻѹƵʦء
˽Ϊޣӵн壬֮ͬΪе֮٣û˿ǣΪҶɡ

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ͷֵ˲䣬˽ɫԽԽѿޱҪͷͨӶһǰܳɾǿ
ԼҶη֮ģγħǰףԽ˵Ǵɡ

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ʵɲ࣬ԷӲסҶһԼȥҲԼȥðա

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ʱ䣬˽һ󷢺µΣ˲ȫ
аһã˽ĺԥٴλӶ߷£Ƕ˽ӳг

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һҶֱ̧һȭ˲飬ȭҲڹ˽ؿڴ
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97׷ɱ

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115Դ
ѩΪڵӵŮĳȻ˵ע⣬ûΧ;ۼ˲ˡ
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ڶıҩȵһ˽֮Ʒ׶ףһĻҲͬ˲١
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԰ŵġ
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ҶȻһ㣬ֻŲͣԹǰߡ

132
ûһᣬҶ㷢ֲԾԭֵĽֵʱȴ˺ܶࡣ
ЩʣˣʱҲԼٶԶƬƺںʲôһ㡣
ǰ󲻹ʮϢʱ䣬ֵϵ˻ߵһɶֻиļ˲ϿһĿҶ
ЩҶˣҲΧı仯ɻȴû˶ѡȥǷ¶Цݡ
ǿȺȥֱһǶֵĺʱ
໥һۺͷλʿӿŲܿסҶȥ·
СӣֻƣԹԽĴָɣҶãǧҪνĵֿ
ͷʿһЩ˿ɢһĿҶ졣

Ҷ³һ֣˿ûиԷӣ˼¡
ͷЦһҶ˵Ĳʶôޱȷŭ
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ͣ

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⡭⡭
ͻһĻŵʿ׷׺ˣ¶ޱȵı顣
ҶɱλʿŰ벽ھΪȺ֮УҲʵȽǿĴڡ
ɾһλʿҶһסʿҲɵӣȻʱȥ
ͷλڼ״Ϊ֮һ
СӣҳȷʵЩСˣû뵽㾹ʵ
ɼˣҲһ
䣬ͷڱֱӳ֣ϾӵʱԽҲԽսپõѡ
ͷٶȷǳ죬һҶǰ漴̧һĳ
ƣ
Ƶ˲䣬ͷ˲Ϊɫһɴ̱ǵȷ硣
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ƻߣ˶ȾϾ綾޷콫ػ⣬Ҫٵıö

ͷһ£ɹҶؿλãǵûиˣüĿ䷴¶ֵı顣
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ǡ
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ǽѪӵߣ̤ںʵȻͬһ㡣
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˳ϴθĽѵеҡ
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տûڵ˰æҿ㻹ʲôֶΡ
Ҷû˳ǳŹ˳˺󷽿ȥڵ
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ҶһЦĿƵĿһˡ

133൱
Ҷ˿ţ˳һ˸оǳԷ񣬾ͬڿԼĿһ㡣
ԼΧסҶ쾹ţһù˳޷ܣɫ˲бŷĺâ
֪ļһΪϴռһƣҵȾκβˣһҵȵʵ
˳ʹһɫ漴ɱҶ졣
һ͹˳ˣǲδеǿһͬǰ
֮Ҳԭ򣬱ϾҶУС֮ף֪࣬⻹лء
Ҷڸ߲УҲֶͬΣŸְɱ콾һǱΣա
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ˢ
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Ϊ˶˵ĹҶ첻òɿԼƣ漴æͷӶȭͷ졣
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Žǹӳ֣˹ȷʵƿҶʹ϶˺ۡ
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ХҹһСģҶһȭУٸоʹȫֱֻ۸˲ʧȥ֪
ҡ
ХҹӦҶȭͷֱԼʱþ
ǵﱻϣԼѪǹǻΪһЦ
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134ǿ
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ǡ
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135
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Ъ˹˻Ӱ֣κη壬æߴԼҵֻ֣ɱҶ졣
֮ԴߴҲԭģԼֻһ壬ɲô˵ΪֳĶȻС
Ҫ˶ʱ䣬ʳԼǿ߾ͻѶڲû֣ɱҶɾûˡ
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ǳΪ콾һ󱲱Ƶ̶ֳȣҺʧ
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漴ٷɿ죬ҶʱĹ˵һ顣
֪Ҷ첻ӵжˣǾѽѪһüЩء
ԭˣֲԱѹ̩Ȼû뵽һ𶥼콾ȻҸ㲻á
ɱȻѵҶ죬Ϊҵİȫǣ־콾ǰĨɱС
ˢ
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ڶҶĹģľɻǹеѯһ䡣

136⳥
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ûҶӦľȴ¶ޱȾȵı顣
ղľɿҶһ䲢رأϻ˿ڡ
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ܸղһԱ˲٣ԭ˸еϢϢҲ֮һء
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137ܻᣬ
ҶʧУĽŻջĿ⣬һĨʧ
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ѩԣ϶ʱֳЦ⣬漴Թȥ

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漴Ҷ첻ٳɣŹ˳ǳſȥ;˲ǰɽ콾ǿҶʱһɵ
߳ûԶҶͷǿһۡ
ڸոգҶܵһ֮ԼϣɻÿȥҲ죬Ǳ׽ˡ
ֻɻ֮УҶ첢δܵκζ⣬ӵ˻֮ˣҶ뵽Ҳֻгˡ
ԷȻܶ̽Լ֤δڱչأνıչϢǳĶѡ
һȴҶԽ⣬ȻûбչأΪβֹս˵ⱾΪ֮
˼˺һᣬҶҲ벻ԵɣֻȽ·һš
Ҷ˵ֻҪûж͹ˣڶԷ״ʲô⣬ʵûôҪ
ף𣿡
ǳǽϣҶͷԼڷ򣬿дһ
һССһˣû뵽˽£Ǳ쳣ֲΪնɱ
ϣߵɣε콾Խڴˡ

224·
£īǧջĿ⣬漴ţϸֳһĨ֮ɫ
ʱŴŷ˻۵һҶ뿪ǵһʱ䣬ǱյϢ
ŷ˴ϢģҶ뿪ͥԺʿ
Źȥûʱ䣬ҶǼһﾹȻͳˣĪδ޵
ŷ˵Щʱ˸˷ܵĹâ
Ҷ첢δ޵㻹лᡣ
һԵ¶˼֮ɫ
漴Ҳ˵ܣǰ׻޵ֲ̺ʿҲһʱ
һ˵ŷϵЦݶʱԽŨ
̫ˣӻлᡣ
һ²ĹŷѵʦܣζԸҶɣϾС
ŷԣЦݶʱһĵļҲƽȥ
һԵķҲ͵ǰûӦ֮޵δҲɲܴҶ
ȻܲԸϣҶչֳʵҵһ֣ͬҲĶ֡
Ǽɵı飬ԭɫѿĹŷȴͻȻЦˡ
ǷģҶϢѾݸ磬ʱ֡
˵ˣҶǰʮĴڣ콾һǿԺúһ¡
ŷһ˵һ
Ȼʦֻ֣Ҷ㷭ʲô˻СٶһʱɣҲҪ׼Էһ
˵Щʱ˹ŷ
񣬹ŷָܿ˼
صģѰźˣҶгôĿȻưոݡ
߰ɣȥɽҴϡ
̸󣬹ŷһ˼ӿٶȣɽڷ򼲳۶ȥ
Ҷߣ˳һ·ۣ;˲콾
һʼЩ콾ڿ־Ҷʵڼĵһʱ䣬ԥѡԶ롣
ɹûã콾Ҷˣ
˳ͷһۣβ콾صҶ٣Ǳˡ
˳ʮЩ콾ԶΪҶϾֻҪܻɱһ̤ʮĻᡣ
Ҷɨ˺Щ콾һۣߣᡣ
Щˣǿ߲ضѣΪҶʵв
Էûгֵ˼ҲЩˣԵû
ʦ֣ǾҪ뿪ˣ𣿡
ۼҶ˼ʧУһλ콾Ͳסͷѯʡ
ѯʣͷ콾ҡͷ
Ҷնɱڲľʵ֮ǰóȻ֡
Ŵԣղѯʵ콾Щʡ
˵ҿ˵ˣҶ֮նɱǶʵ˵ķ춨ȻС
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һҲ¶⶯ı飬漴׷׿ͷ콾ͬ⶯֣
Ȼ
ڽǣͷ콾ҡҡͷУ̫ðȻǻҵվ֮С
˵ˣҵγӿ⽻Ҫ׶֣Ϊ³ç˴£ʱӵŭܳ𣿡
һӶ֣ԭ²ļ콾Ϸ׷¶η֮ɫ漴տڲԡ
ͷ콾״ĵ˵ͷ
ˣչӷԸ¼ɣҶδҵȸòĵġ
߰ɣˡ
һ仰ͷ콾Ҷʧ׷ȥ
ٴηҶټæǰٶȣʼձְȫ롣
һȺ겻ɢļһ
˳ͷۼǼ콾ٴθɫ˲ȥ
𣡡
ȹ˳۲죬һ̶˼ء
˳æջĿ⣬޺𴫳ķȥۿͷ;޴ĺǣǵıؾ֮·ϡ
ǺΧʬ壬ȻǱǽɱ콾
ͷǵͺϣɺҶˣвҺһɵĶζ
ˢˢˢ
צӲڵĦһʱҪļơ
ǰͷǣǿһֻھΪŨɷ֮
Ȼͷе鲻Ȼӵ˳̶ȵɷ֮
Ҷڣʵޣ˳ǵһʱתͷܡ
ݣ
Ƭ̣ͷغȰͲסҶ˳ɱ

225

ǺǸһӭıҶȭͷһȭҷ˳ȥ
أ
Ƿһ󰧺ڵϻɲͣ;ײҺѪһ
ף
ȻҶȴʮ־ȣΪõͻԺ󣬾ֻһȭͬʿҲԳܡ
ȻǰͷǲأԼһȭ󣬾ֻһЩˣǿԤеǿ˺ܶࡣ
һͷɵĺٴվ˫ɺٴοҶ졣
ֻοҶ죬ɺжһ˿ɵȻǱǿʵ嵽ˣһʱ׳֡
ں󷽵Ǽ콾ҲҶǽֵḶ́ϽǸֳޱȺȻı飬ҡ
ͷ콾ǳӰǣֺ࣬ʵԶͬޣû뵽Ҷֲˡ
ǻЩСҶˣնɱǿ֮ˣȻûô򵥡
ͷ콾һ˵콾ʱҲһҡ
òǰûҶ֣Ǳͷ콾סǵ³Ǻòȥ
ৣ
콾˼֮ʣͷӰҲˣſԼѪڣһһҳҶ졣
ɷǿ񱩵Ϣù˳ͷƤ飬Ҷһԣδ¶κο־֮ɫ

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ӭͷӰǣҶ첻˷ʱ䣬ꪶʱУڵѪ֮ǿʼ
ʱ䡣
ҶڰϢ¶ɣټĽѪɢѹֲ¡
Ҷѹһ֣ͷӰһ٣ٶҲһء
Ҷһһ˲ʵǿĳӰ࣬һ㺮â׾ٶͷ­
ͣ
ѪɽꪱѪȾѪɫ
أ
һ̫ͻȻͷӰǸܣʹʼնɱɲϢʱ㳹û˶

ҶֳꪣǳӰ棬һƬ̳
ͷӰǼ״ʱٶֹסΣǿ־֮ɫʼȥǴܡ
Ҷɲǻᣬֳȥ˲佫ͷӰס
ۣ
κ⣬ԻȫҶ죬ͷӰ׸׾ٱ㱻Ҷնɱ
ϵʬ壬Ҷĵ˵ͷδȥʬ壬ǻͷǼ콾ݷһۡ
ã졭뿪
ͷ콾״ҼͣͷҲصֱ뿪ˡ
ԭǸһֱҶ±֣ҪΪҶʵǿ󣬵Լ˱Ҳ׶֡
ɼʶҶɱϵԸͷ콾ҼģһҶֱӳ֣ʱڿɾûˡ
ͷ콾Ĵ£ٶȥܿûӰ
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Ҷַ̧һͷӰʬϣʬۿɼٶȸɱѪܿ㱻ɵøɸɾֻʣһ߿տǡ
˳ʶҶֶΣٴοǲЩľ
˲Ϣʱ䣬ͷӰʬ㱻ɴϣҲ֮˳Ӱǵͼ
߰ɡ
Ҷ˹˳һ䣬漴ǰС
ԴӻɱӰǺҶ˺δܵϮһ·ల¡
˰ʱңɽΧ콾ҲԶ˲١
ʳ콾⣬ҶʱʱῴһЩʥصӡ
ҶɽΧ˲콾ע⣬˷׷׽ĿͶ
漴һ
նɱҶ𣬿Ҳûʲôرġ
ߣЩϲҩǿԼΪնɱһӲķʲôϡġ
ñͬܽնɱ
һΪŵȫûҶ
æѰȥ뿴ʲô˸š
֮˲δѹԼҶҲˣתͷԷ
ۿһ꣬ʮ˾ңԷֳȣһ硣
Уû뵽Ҳˡ
ϳ˰ݣжʱǼɵ֮ɫƺʮֵη塣
˾УҶҲ֪һЩйеݡ
Է̫ʥصӣ츳ֲ˵ڤ塣
һ磬ĶŵĸоԸȴޱȺΪ˸ر֮ûһк³

226½ɽ
Χʿ΢΢ֳһĨаȵ΢Ц˫ҲͶҶ졣
漴ʿ֣оҶӭȥʿ׷¶Ϸı顣
Ƭ̹Ҷǰסȥ·
նɱ
ɫȻҶʱǲмƺȫû
Ҷɫ΢ʵ£
ԷȻµģҶȻʲôɫǳ
һʱ䣬ѹǹŵЦ֮Ŀ˪
ʿΪл˶ҶʱȴͻȻЦ

Ȼ紫һһȷʵǳš
лһתʵǲŽţûʵ𣿡
Ҷɨһۡ
漴
һΧʱžʿ͸¶˷֮⡣
ΪʱҶΪڳУ˿û˫֮սƺ޿ɱ⡣
ӵھΪʮҲйǿ߽־ȫˡ
ҲΪˣŸҶ졣
ãܺá
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ȻҶȴη壬ôжţ˫Ϣ˲ײһ
¡¡
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һĻ
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ԭһʿ˵غ֮ûɽ֮УҪڴǣʹǲ
·ĶʧȻ
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СӣãǺܿͻٴμ棬ʱɡ
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Ҫǣڸղż̵Ϣײ֮УûҶռˡ
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ȥУҶ첢δڶԷвͬû
߰ɣҲȥ
Ҷһ˳æϡ
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ôˣ
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Ǻǡ
ҶЦһصģӦ֮
ҶʵֻҪλһ֣ͬʲôв
Щǰ콾ÿһԼİܻ֣˹˳ĵȫǶġ
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ڹ˳ɻҶһ۱㿴⡣
Ǳʿɱ
˳Ժܿ㷴Ӧ콾᱾໥ɱԴ̤˵صһ̣໥֮Ѿʼˡ
һˣ˳ɨܣ±ɱЩʿ֮͵Ϯ
𣡡
ʱ
һ޺ͻȻɽ΢΢
¡
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ǼҴ仹Զһξ룬ɽֻͨɢϢҲ˸оľ
áǿѹڽ𣿡
˳ľѣɢϢ᲻κη֮ģԷʵжǿ
սɽ˱ʣеճ̶Ȼ
Ҷ룬һԹ˳
ͲظҽȥˣԼΧ̽ѰһɣȥҲûá
õҶ١
˳ǳ֪֮ҲԼʵǿҶһ벻ﲻʲôæΪ׸
ˣΧϾɽôΧͬԴ
򵥶˳䣬Ҷֱ֮ضȥ˲֮ӰʧС
ڹ˳ԥƬѡ̽ѰԶ뽻ս֮ء
Ҷٶȼ죬ɽд󣬾֮ԽԽ;ʿȻǱġ
һʱ䣬Ҷھ֮ɿͣ£ӳһͷޣһѹ¶ɡ

227Ѫʨ
ͷ͸ߴʮɣͬʨӣȴһƵĶ䣬ββëɢ⡣
Ѫʨ
ҶһǰͷޣӡеѪʨʵ̫ˡ
ѪʨѪޣȲ壬ҲһĴڡ
ܿҶƽǰͷѪʨѪ̫ϡ٣ԲǴѪʨʵԤһء
ɨһۣҶĿ뿪Ѫʨǿ佻֮ˡ
һ˵ݺҶͫȻһԭƽķЩ
أּˡ
Ҷôһ䡣
Ѫʨսظܵ̽Լüͷ΢΢һ漴תͷһ㿴ȺеҶ졣
ôģ
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ΪԼ꣬ٴμʱ򣬿û뵽Źȥûʱ䣬Լٴο˶Է
ʦ㣬Сġ
ʱһ󾪺ڶ˼˲䱻˻ֻѪʨӶ޴צӭ泯Լ˹
طӦܿ죬æ̧гǰסѪʨι
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԰ӹеѯʣɫĻһ䡣
ص̬ȣƺϰߣ⣬˳ԭ߷ȥܿ㷢Ҷ졣
ĪʦģΪˣ
૵ͬʱɱĴ
ŷڴˣϳӵݣԷǹŷ콾
콾ƾɫ츳ʥأԴӼصĵһۣϲ˶Է
ڹ콾ɽԼŮˣȾָ
ǧ֮֮⣬Ӳи鲨أһսзʵ̫ͬѰ
콾ԽԽòԾҶĿԽԽɢ

һ޺ڶ˲佫콾˼أۼѪʨٴγԼɱֻѡӦޡ

콾кԽеŭйڶԷϡ

Ź콾ϵѪ֮һɫâھҲһֻѪʨĸ
һĻΧս콾ʱ
壬콾Ѵɣѹʵֲ̫
ǰټĳѪѪ֮ศɣսܳɱӣʥ׼ʥѡ
ǲʲô⣬ʥصʥطĪˡ

飡
콾ʱ䣬콾Ѫʨѽսһ
ѪʨӵΪӵһѪѪ֮ϡѰǿҲһս֮
ȻĹ콾ƾһصΪѹѪʨ
ʱ콾еĳǹӳӰÿһδ̳ѪʨһѪԷķͬ衣
̫̫ǿˣû뵽ʱ䲻ʦ־ͽѪӰǹɡ
ǰйʦڣʥض
콾ǿֲʵһʥصһ˷ܲѣеĿ佱
Ҷ춼òϣ콾ȷʵЩʵһʿ֮УͬΪǱȽǿġ
ȻҶȴ壬ΪŷϣҲһս֮

ϵԽԽأʹѪʨԽŭһźɫ棬޴
ͬʱѪʨǶѪ֮ЩѪۿɼٶȿһ
ߣ
콾״мתͷ˵ʦ㣬ԸһԿżɡ
£콾ֳֳǹٴɱѪʨ˫˲ײһεĴ򶷱øӼҡ
飡
¡¡
һһ޷֣֮ǱһƬǽ壬սನʹùѣΧʿΪֻܵһˡ
͡
𣡡
һ󲻸ʵĺѪʨϢһŷ֣콾гǹѪʨͷ­
Ѫ˿ڴӿɾܵˣѪʨԲ˵Ϲ콾
ȻϢʧѪʨٶԽԽ콾

228ĸ

콾ȻǹһƬѪѪʨ˶ֱ棬Ƶľ˶Իص
ͣ
콾ǹٴһѪʨڵ޺һѽץС
һУ콾ֽѪʨʬҲתͷء
ѯʵʦ㣬ʶ
ʳ仰ͬʱ콾ֳ̧Ҷ췽ָָ
콾ʵķǳУüʱһ
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ΪάԼ󣬹콾ܿ콫ѹȥٴθֳ崺Цݡ
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תͷҶʱ콾ɱΣһ˼㡣
콾ͽΪԼŮˣκȾָһпвԼˣҪɱҡС
Ҷ죬ڹ콾ıɱ֮ϡ
ҶҲ˹콾Ŀ⣬̧ͷԷӣû˿ӡ
ߣ
ۼҶ컹ֱԼ콾ʱһѹʱйһԳҶѹ˹ȥ
һԵؼ״ʱֳ֮ɫֹ콾
ɺܿرסˣԹ콾ѹҶ쾹ûбֳ˿ʣ鵭Ȼվԭء
ף
콾ҲסˣѹûЧЩ㵣˲
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漴콾ѹٴΧ콾˲׷ȥ
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ʱһһţҶûбֳκβʣ콾ˣоԼЩҲס

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콾ٶ񣬶ὫҶ쵱ҪĿ꣬콾һֽ赶ɱˡ
ò˵콾취ȷʵЧΧһ콾ҶԶжʱ˸ĺ⣬ɱġ
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Ͼ콾˵ˣҶնɱǿߣҪҶȡ֮û㹻ʵѡ
Ҷ֣ҹʲȤΪӵ׷ߣ
ֻҪԸ⣬ҵ֮ܵĶԹӴһʹӻһԵ
û뵽ǣ콾ͻȻһתҶ׷ߡ
䲻׹콾ʲô⣬һ콾ҶʱĽ
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Ҷ켸ûκԥʮֹϵıܾˡ
찡СǲʶôһĻǰҲûֱӾܾˡ
̫ĸˣΪеɾͱĿһУڵʱ򡣡
콾Ҷָָ㣬г˼֮⡣

227²
ãܺá
콾ɭ˵ôһ䣬ɫѿ˼㡣
ΪԼ룬Ҷ춨ȻԥͬŶԣɶԷ˲ӣ޲ھɱҶ졣
һ뵽ظղŵЩ콾ڼѲܣֻûջԼĿ⣬ɫҲٴλָ
Ҷһ죬Ϊյľڡ
ʦ㣬ѳǿԼ̽Ѱˣɲ޼ʥصЩһȵǡ
΢΢˵ͷɨҶһۺ漴ɽһ㾶ֱС
콾״æʾŷ˸ϡ
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ѯʣ༸콾ϸֳԥ֮ɫԵЩᡣ

ʵǿ콾̾һ
漴ٵȵȰɣô˵ҶնɱΪǻǶһʱٶ֡
գ콾ͬ顣
һ·ߵ콾϶Ǽ֮ȥ
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232޷ȡ

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237
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ɾղŵĽ֣þμʶҶԹ콾δܾĬ顣
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ÿһ¶ᴫƾܵ㹻죬ǱԷĵâֱ϶һ˿ڡ
˿ɣǿнѪ֮ѹȥһʱԶ
һܣֵܶʱѹҲֻѡܡ
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һЩ콾ҲͼȻԷʵֲ̫ѰֶθƲķֻ޹
İϣʮϢʱ䣬ٴնɱ콾
ɱϵԸ񣬵ס콾ٸǰһֻõתȥ
ȻԽԽ٣콾Ϊռһϯ֮أҲֶʹսԽң
ѪɵĳϵѩоЩʡ
˵̤нҲһʱ䣬֪һ;ʮֲпᣬɵһοֳĻ޲
Ƭ̣ѩӦɫ𽥻ָ
ʱ䲻ƣʣԽԽ٣ʱĲɱ˴콾˽֮һ
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ȻɨһȦ󣬾ξδҶ죬Щ⡣
ɶһﾹȻû
ȭͷÿ֨죬ǰҶУ˸ǱӶһ֣Դ˿Ƿǳġ
˾ᣬ»Ҷ죬ԼĶ
ƫƫҶûþ޴ʹĸо
ԭģҶһս˵˲ˣܵɡ
һսҲһеõ˼ĸõҩƻָΪͻһС硣
ֻһСսȴ֮ǿң˾㹻ţٴζҶ춨ܻܶԷ
ھ˼֮ʣ⿴һϤӰڿʱһбŷ⡣
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䲻󣬿һ콾ˣԭڼս콾ж׷˳ž߿˹ȥ
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콾ҲҶ죬ǵЦ˲ʧɫ˼㡣
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ҶףؾԸر⡣
Ҷ˵֮ռһûˣֱȥ
콾㿴ңҿ㣬ԲҶҶ֡
Ҷ֮Զóһ·ޱ˳ԣ;ûܵһ˿谭
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ŷֻϣҶ˼һ㲻Լ֡
ʲôҵҪʳα
Ҷ컹δػѩһഫ˸ĺ⡣
ʦܣ㡣
˵ţѩ׼ҶһͬԸŷ
Ͼһ콾ڣѩҶܵ˺
Ҷ״æ֣ʦһԿżɣԸֵһӡ
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콾Զʱһŭһͷ޷Զǿҵɱӿ
Ҷ죬˲ѱӷΪκβ㲻ɣ
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Ȼ콾û뵽ǣ콾û֣ǽĿͶΡ
ﻹ콾Ǵþһͬ֡
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콾䱩ŭû˶ʧȥǣԼһ˶ȻòҶ죬Ѱһ֡
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εײУ˫൱ֻй콾ԼΪԶûб濴ôɡ
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ûκγɣ콾һʱȥͼҶ롣
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⡭һﵽôģŹȥûʱ䣬սΪôࡣ
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ǳҪҶȻǲֱܾӵͷӦˡ
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󣬹콾Ѫ֮ɽ緢ת˲ʹϢٴһء
˵ص콾ʱٶһЩԵ
ȻҪ˵ջģҶ졣һ콾֮ߵġ
ԺжѪкҶ췢ǰʯŤ漴һγɫѪҺӭ
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ŷ˵ͣ콾ԽԽ˼

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ҶҲܽߣһǹ콾Խܵġ

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콾˻ݶЩҶƺΪʡ
콾仯ɽʱüͷ΢塣
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콾૵Ҷ죬츳ǿΣҵĶһҲòߣӶҪܡ
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ɫҩһ֣콾Ŀ˲䱻˹ȥһޱȿı顣
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лʦ𡣡
콾ѣæӹɽݹԪⶫԼ̫ˣ½аա
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콾صĵ˵ͷƾԼһ˵ԪȻǳѣЧ󻯣
ɽİٶȽ
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콾ſڱԪҩһݱŤʱ类һһ㣬۵졣

ʵڳܲסʹ콾зһҽǲ
ɽδһʱ֣Ԫڴ콾ֻҪܹȥ֮˵õ

콾ԽԽأɲҽҲȥӦʹʼҩӿ֫ٺ
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Щҩ󣬹콾ΪҲɹһС磬Ϣɻڽڽ˿ûͣ˼
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ԽɽЦԽŨϾԼǹ콾ʦ𣬶ԷΪԽǿԽӡ

270
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ʱĹ콾һ˷ܵ˼㣬öԪΪһͻ۷塣
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ڹ콾㲻֣ԼһҲܶԸҶ졣
ʦ𣬽ߺҶҶȥ޻أΪһڶ
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ɽĵ˵ͷǲ˵ʵ˲СɲҪģСӿɲһ㡣
Ϊûһ֣вԸ
콾ϸһ룬Ҳɽ˵еص
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콾ʱһʥع֮УżƷ似ȷʵս١
ʣʱ䣬ƾ콾Ŀֲԣһ似СӦòѡ
һˣ콾æɽֵлʦѣȥ
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콾ʯСһ·ߣһʱңڵء
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콾ҧгݣһһٽгҶ֣ȭͷǽһ
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ǹ˼ʥعأ콾ͳȥҶˡ
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콾͸˵ˣԷԭʥ׼ʥأʥ֮еһ콾ʥػûвʶġ
˵콾׼ʥûˣû˸СϾһڵӶףⲻʱĶѡ
Թ콾츳ʵû׼ʥ׾٣иܳΪʥӡ
Ҷ콾֮ĳԹڵӻҲ֪һЩۼϣΧ۵ӽ¶Ϸı顣
˵ʦֻ᲻ֱӶ֣
Ҿòܣʥǹ涨󲻿ɶ䣬ʦָܵȻʱȥƻء

ҶȷʵǿһϮΪ콾˶̶²ʱ䣬ɳȥΪʥҲǲܡ
ͣ
˻һڣʱ˷Ц
漴ҳҶȷʵеʵɾƾΪʥԶԶ
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ЩҲףʵԶҶ֣ҲֻѣȻͷȥҶ졣
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콾һջĿ⣬漴ֱԽҶ̤빦
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Ҷ첢δ˵Ŀ⣬ǾֱλڹԴ

271ϻ굤
Ҷ˵õƷ⣬Ľɽٹ׵㣬ԴһԴ
Ҷһ¯ϻ굤ԼֻһЩҩԴ
̤ԴҶͿһ׷ԲԵͷʱڹ̨ϣ˫΢ƺ˯
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Ƶ޷⣬ûʱɻ
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СӣʲôˣΪϷûм㣿
׷ȿѯʣĿⲻ´Ҷ죬ԽйâԽ
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ҶҲûٶ˵ʼʼѡ½½ֶһ˲Դ
һһҶĹ׵Ҳǿģܿˡ
ųԽԽľΪҶһЩԴƵҩõġ
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ӶһЩԴȷʵû̫˷ѡ
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Ҷ첻һ룬ԼһʦȫûǣЩԴԽٷְ
ųֱ֣ǸҶһӡ󣬴ԼƳϻ굤ԸһЩ
˵ƾϻ굤ùųָΪ仺һЩ֢״ûʲô⡣

272ذ
õԼҪĶҶ뿪Դֻ߳Դ㿴һϤӰ
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ΧӼ״ҶĽ
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ڳΪµӺ󣬻ȥ;ϰʱԷԼʱ֮ɫ
ҴԺذͿʼԸɽӽԼĿԵΪѩԽ
ǹ˼Էݣѩǻֱ˺Ƥ
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ֻƬ̹ذɫٴλָԶȥĶˣûѡȥ
ĿעҶıӰ
ذ૵ȾָذϵŮˣһΣɳ콾ֻˡ
ذ𣬿Ҳð
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ߣ
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󿪿ڼһϵ׼ʥλˣûʸָָ㡣
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ذνǺ飬콾˰̸

Էֱ׵Ļù콾ŭⱩǣ˫ˡ
ֲϢӹ콾ӿǰһѹȫӿذ
Թ콾ѹذ𲻸ͬͷųԼѹԷ
ۼֿɿΧʱΧ˲ٵӣǽζĿһĻ
콾ذʥһĴڣڵҲ֪˵ʵжǿ
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ٷŭΣҶ𣿡
콾ɫһȷʵڴ˵ض֣ɶԷŵ̬ȣѹеŭ
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콾ЩǽìͷָȥҶ졣
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ذȻҲһ㣬жʱһЦ
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ûмǴĻһֱ׷أ֪ԷҶĹϵһ㣬Ϊλ˵
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֪ǹ콾ıذջǾҶ֣Ͼһһвȷس֡

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ˣڿ˵ˡ
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콾һһ仰ɫҲʱΪ֮һ䣬漴æ׷ʵ
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콾صʧܣӶܵ˷ɣԪʣ޼ֻά״̬
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ǹ䣬ǻʳȻܵӰ죬콾ҪʳΪԼռԴȻϣκαʡ
ƽ󣬹콾ٴε
˵˵ɣʶԴʲô㡣
磬أΪֻ֮о취ŪҶ
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콾ڻһ䣬漴ԹŷʱȥҶ죬߿һȥԸ
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콾¶֮ɫ
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274߿
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ڽܷΧڣҲûмȥ
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ʥӣӦǲһЩðˣ
Ͼʥص̣ĽַǳҶ죬潫ԷɱʱǿǷǳ
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οϵĵǣ˰֡
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˵ˣ¿ǹ콾Ǽһ߻ģ˵ʱԷǣпʳ֤ݡ
¶һоյЦݣҲ׷

ʱȻţ֪ʱȻ
ʱҶʱʱ߷ٶȵõ
Ҷ컹ȵķ֣ԭѷȱʧ񲻽ɹָԭǿ
߿ڼҶ춼Լĵ߷ˡ
ۼʱˣҶ굱ع鱾壬ƿű㿴˹˳
Ҷ٣ʥ֪ͨˣ㾡ǰȡ
λʥغɽҲߵ֮
ãǱ㶯ɡ
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˵ߵޣ߿֮ڵ÷ǳŨʮʺ
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Ҷ֮ԴŹ˳ȥһΪ
Ҷ˻һʱ䣬ɹλãʱΧѾۼ˲ٵӡ
ҶһвĿԼϣһ۾ͿǰĹ콾ʱԷذվһ
ɨҶһۺ󣬾ʼ˵ЦĽ̸
ͬʱ
Ҷ컹˾ΣԷʱҲڹ콾ԡ
Ҷʦܡ
Ҷ֮ʣһഫһͷͿصӰ
ҶûгɣԷ˹ȥ
ҶһؾѹѵߺСһ㣬콾ǼһرȻû֡
˵Щʱϱ֮

275Ľɵĸ
ڹ콾ƢػٻЩ˽⣬ԷرȻ׷ŹҶġ
߻ûп콾ߵһе˼Զ
ߺλͣԼʱҶҲûôףֻһ
еĹ֮⡣
Ҷ쵱ڻصģƾǻκβҡ
ҶԴҪʱΪٴεõٴε˽սǶȻɡ
ۼҶ쾹ţĵĵҲ֮ȥ˲١
ݣ
߸ս̸ƿԶʥĽɳǰ˼״æĿ⳯Ͷ˹ȥ
Ľڴͣ£һɨڹ콾϶ͣһᡣ
ĽɵĿ⣬콾ٸһ漴ͷӣٶȶ˼ӿ˲١
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ΪĽɵĿУ콾һ˿֮⣬ⲻһ
ɾˣ콾ûзҶֵĴ㣬ϾغԼ棬ҶʵôȥС
˵ˣҶ쿴㵽ʱĽ֪ҶԼɱģҲһ˵콾Լ֡
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콾һ˿ҲʧԽᶨ
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羵ѵĽһ֮£ڵƿһѷ졣
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Ľж̧ͣڣڿٳһһͨͨ
ͨȶĽɲŻϢ漴˵
סֻʱ䣬ʱᱻͳ
нߣԵߵ֪ʥϣǲҪ֡
˵仰ʱĽ⿴˹콾һۡ
콾æصʥԸ
شúܺã콾ȴЦ
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콾⿴Ҷ죬¶һ˵΢ЦɱΡ
ذҲɫ죬Զͬ뷨
ˣͨѳɣȿɽˡ
Ľɴ˻һ콾ˢȶֱӳ֮ͨС
ذμ״ҲǵһʱͨʧС
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Сӣ˴ν߶СģɲҪ档
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漴Ľ΢΢ֳһĨ΢ЦҲǳҶ˵ͷ
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״̬Ϣʱ䣬ܿҶԱп
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ˢ
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ֻһѰҶ첢δ㼣ƺ˵ֻԼһˡ
ҶҲһνôһѰԽϷ룬ԽŨ
ҶȥƬ򿴿
Ҷ쵱㶯һӰԭʧ
۵ĹУҶûзκ飬;ȴһЩ׹ǡ

276³
˽һʱ䣬Ҷ촩ïܵĹ֣һˮ̶ӳ
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Ҷһ𾪣Ͼʱʵ٣Ѫ֮ԽŨѰӰ쵽
ˮ̶ĺֱҶѪ֮Լжôֲ
ͷˮ̶ȥҶܹˮ̶ײ׹ӳ
̶׵İ׹˵˲飬Ҷ겻ӣܿ㽫ˮ̶
Ȼ˺⣬Ҷ첢δڴ˴κ֮ⲻЩɻ
֣ĪҸ֪ˣ
ţԡ
뷨ճҶܿ㷢˲ͬѰ֮ˮ̶ӿĺһٶڼ
ͬʱ
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⣬ҶԼܸоƺʲôڰй۲Լֻڰԭ޷Էλá
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Ҷ²⣬ˮ̶еİ׹ǣ밵صйء
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ԳϣһޱŨɷ˫ޱˡ
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Ҷ״Խƾͼƣװһþŵı飬ȴŶԷ
Ҫǳٶ̫죬Լȥ׷Ǻ׷ϣֻùʾöԷӶһɱ
ҶҡҡλεɺһĨ⣬漴ƽ̧ԼǼǵצӡ
ھҶ첻ʱٶȻɣѪ֮⣬˸צҲȻ¡
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ߣ
ҶһֱȻֱӽ档

һ󣬳ŵأ˲ҳһ޿ӡ
˾޴۵ó۴УвϷʹİ
ֻӵΪþռȻǿҲĶ֡
οٶȻǳ죬ͬΪѲĴڡ
Ҳƾնɱ˲˵ص顣
ȻγãƫƫҶ졣
þ𲻵ò˵ΪٶҲ޷ӣµĳսһʿ
飡
Ҷֱ۲Ϸһһײ棬֮Сֱ󳹵û˶
Ż˺۵ĳҶ첢δǽԳ
ɸձҶĳԭյ˫ȻɺӱŷĹâԭֱֻٴδ̳
ꡭ
֨֨֨
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ʱ䡣
зʹİٴηŤ
ȻҶ첻ٸǳᣬֱꪾ䲱
ͣ
һ󺮹Ѫ˿ڴӿǲʣһ֮û˶
ձնɱ㿪ʼѪ⣬͸ɱֻһѵʬǡ
ų䣬ԭˮ̶Χİ֮ʧȴ˿û˥˵˼ԽԽŨ
һ㣬Ҷ춯ϸϸ̽ˮ̶ͼҵԴ

278¹
һѰҶĿٴ̶ף͸ˮ̶еЩ׹ǣԼһŰɫӡ
ΧЩǴöɢ˵ġ
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С⺮ˡ
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ҲգȻֶãҲֻԶˡ
Ҷˮ̶ȥĲϿĺʱ
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⣬Ҷ컹֪һޱŨɷͬǴд
ŹûһṦԭɫӣʱΪ˰ɫޱȵĹ졣
ͨ
ҶһԾֱˮ̶֮Уʱһɴ̹ǵĺʹС
ɺӰ£ҶоԼƶһ嶼ʮѡ
Сɺˣû뵽ֲ˳̶ȡ
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漴Ҷֱ֣һץסǿźɫӡ
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⣬ԭΧɷҲһԳҶϯ
ߣ
Ҷһֱת컯ӭɷգԼʵ
ûһĹΧ㱻Ҷɵøɸɾ
Ҷ֮еĳɫӣƺҲ֪κβʱ׳ȥ

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һԵͳ漴ֻһӰӹ߳Ŀһֱ´Ҷ졣
ذ𡣡
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һ㡣
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ҽʲô
Ҷһذɫ˲϶ʱֳŭ⡣
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ΪԼеʵ˼ɣȻ˲֪ô콾֮в࡭

ۼвãذ𵱼ѡ˶ֱ̧֣ץҶ첱ͼ衣
ذ̽ƣҶηӭȥץסԷֱۡ
ذ״ĿһֱҶץסԼ޷ֺƴ϶Էʤһ
˲ذףԼСҶʵˣԶԤлҪѶԸ
е㱾£⻹ԶԶ
ذŭһϢʼڽ˫˸Ĺâ
ɺܿذ𾪿ֵķ֣ԼȫԸҶվԭ˿δ
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ذ޷ǰſڱ㷢һ󾪺
ΪʲôΪʲôʵôǿΪǿ㣬⵽Ϊʲô
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Ȼذγ֣ɹأδҶκ˺
ûֶΣǾ͸ˡ
ذҶ˵ôһ䣬󻺻̧Լֱۣں֮ʱʼۡ

279޺
ҶĶذʱһ䲻ãɫȻ˱仯
ΣذȻ˿ھѪʱȼգͿֲϢٴһء
ȭ
ذȭͷȻҶ죬ٶȿ쵽ֻܿӰһȭȭ糯Ҷϯȥ
žણ
ذǣһȭҶȽס
ܣⲻܡ
ذɫȻһ䣬Լȫһ޷Ҷ죬һԽܡ
ɶҾͲôǿ
ذҧгݣ˫ŷһɱ⣬Ѫ֮ڷȼգҲڲϼǿ
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ꡭ
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꣡
ذؿ˲ȥ˸ͬߵķݵɶײʮͣ
͡
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Ҷʵʵ̫ǿҲԷʵ
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ߣ
ذ״һæӴóһŷ顣
ˣ
˲䣬վһƬҶٶܵӰ졣
ذһ֮С
ۼԷܣҶ콫ۣܵذȥ
Ҷٶȿ磬˵ذ𱻷뿪Ҫһʱ䣬һȭɹ

ĲҽذдֻƬ̣ԷӰ㳹ʧΧԭϢҲָ֮
ϧˡ
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ܿҶɫָԷϾ֮УԼɻлᡣ
οذԼһȭȻˣ콾֣ԼҲûκв
ҪһǣذıֶѾûˣԷʶôҪԼ֣һαڡ
δϾ̫ãҶ˼ܿ˻һöɫٴγ֮С
ϸ۲һ󣬽Ծȵĵû뵽⾹޺ˡ
һö޺˾ͷǰʵȻͬһ㡣
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⣬޺֮л̺Ѫ֮Ȼˮ̶֮Щ׹йء
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˵Ҷ첢ᱻӰ죬ûѡֱǽö޺ֱӷ
ҶôĿģǴþе״޺ˣӶ̺
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Ҷɣһʱ㳯ַ򼲳۶ȥٶȷǳ죬һмۡ
𣡡
ճȥûԶ̶ҶУ·Ȼͷޣֱɱ˹
ҶæͷȥоֳһĨ֮ɫ
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˵ϢȽϡɾˣҲսͬΪǿϲ١
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ҶȻӶꪣһâ˲˼ͷϣֱӽǺ˳ȥ
ףȻû
Ҷɫ΢䣬Լһ⼸ͷ޵ķûƿ

280ϿȣѨ
𣡡
ܵǼͷ޶ʱ뱩ŭ֮Уһ˫ó첻ѣצҶȥ
ӭޣҶٴλӶꪣֱӵڵĺʱһء
ͣ͡
Ѫ䣬˺ӳ֣ɹƿЩ޵ķ˿ڡ
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𣡡
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նɱ⼸ͷ޺ҶβδúѪ⣬ֱӽʬ봢֮С
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ЩʬС˵ǲɶõĴ֮Ҷŵ
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һϿȣҶŵһŨѪζ滹ʬ塣
δɿݵѪҺԿǰЩ޸ûá

ٴ𣬴ǰϿд˶Ĥ졣
Ҷ첻ٳɣֱϿȡ
̤Ͽ֮УΧ˲䰵һأҲܵѹƣ̽ķΧԽԽС
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Ų룬ҶܹʮԵĸоеŨ֮⻹ܸܵһɵ
ţǣ
һ͹ͷҶעæһϸֳ֮ɫ
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Ǵš
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ҶԴʧһ䡣
ջ˼ҶٶٴαǣɲԵ˽ȵǡ
ٴμ˰ʱ䣬ҶڳɹĳϿȣϿȺ󷽣һƬޱïܵĹ֡
˵صĹգïܵҶ󲿷ֹڵΧһޱѹֵĸо

ˮڽһʱѰȥһϱڵľ޺ӡ
ĴɨһҶ첢δ콾ӰȴһЩ㼣
ͷ˼Ƭ̹Ҷ׷ѰŲ㼣˹ȥ
ž޺һ·ֱϣïܵĹֺһٲǰ

ˮӸ߿й£¡¡ľ׺һ㡣
ɨһȦҶʱ˹콾Σʱٲٲʵǡ
æ̧ͷȥ͸ٲԼԿ䶥λþһѨ
Χ۶һӿǶѨ֮УҶŵһɵζ
ζҶ첢İ˲ϳѪɢζ
ѨӵѪݣȻǿµĻԵڴ˵أҶɣͳٲ˹ȥ
һһӰѹ㽫Ҷ֣ڵҲѹơ
ʱҶҲףΪι콾˻ѡˮʷˡ
޷ȻշУǿʵǽ붴ѨΨһ취
һôô죿
콾һʱ㷢Ҷ죬ɫѿĵͺһ䡣
ҲǵͷȥҶӰͬǳѿ

һ󣬾εԹ콾˵ڲһǻǾ붴ѨΪá
õлԵٻعͷԸҶҲ١
콾Ҳеž΢΢ͷʾ⣬ͬѪ֮ǵٶٴμӿ졣

ҶһٲײˮͲϳ
ȻҶٶȴδܵӰ죬ƾ֮ˮԼӰ졣
ұڲϷҶʵٶԽԽ죬콾֮ľ롣
콾ͷһۣҶڲϿʱ
ģһٶ̫죬ǱȫԸС
˻ڵ˲䣬콾Ҳ˲ô࣬Ϊܹ˦죬ԥȼվѪʹٴεõ
ˢˢˢ
Ծ֮䣬콾ɹҶ룬Էû׷ɫźÿ˲١
漴콾̧ͷԼ붴ѨڲɣüǼǲԾֳЦݡ

281
ûκγɣ콾ֱ˶Ѩ֮Уν
ԤеһƬڲͬѨڵұɫ΢⣬ʹþζѨе
ûãξͿ˲ٵʯ˵Ʒʯȴ
ҲΪЩʯĴڣʹöѨŨȱŨһء
콾˽ֻɨһۣδЩʯ˷ʱ䡣
ϾǵĵλȻǿЩƷʯΪҪģҵѨصĻԵ
󷽿ǻһҶ컢ǿɲ˷ʱ䡣
ৣ
콾ͬʱӿٶȣٴһξ룬һŨζŵζ˲䣬˽һ
ѪݣѪݵζ
콾̲סһԵüѡ
ЩΪ˴Լ콾Ѫݣ˶ζʮֵϤ˲˳
ͨζ콾ƶϳ˵ѪݵݶȻ͡
ܹԼѪܵõٴǿ
һ뵽⣬콾ѹƲסĵļ˸˷ܵĹâ
ͬð⣬Ѫͬ죬ڴĻǿµĻԵ
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ڶ˼֮ʣ󷽵ĽŲ˼أζʱɫ΢䡣
û뵽Ǽһﾹô죬ǵüӿٶˡ
콾΢΢ͷֱӶ
ٴμϢʱǰҰͻȻÿҲɹѪݡ
ǣǣ
콾ͻȻһ󾪺˳߿˹ȥѪݲԶһͨĹͷ
սǿͷǣαܵԺиһ
ζʱȻ˵֮ԻѪݣѲϵ
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Ҫ֪ҶǸ̤ûʱ䣬˿ֲٶǱ֪һƬȻ󲨡
ҶΪҩٶҲ֮ӿ죬ԭΧǹɿֲ˷ѣԼٶɢ
ۼˣҶ콫ʣѪ֮УǿԼѪ֮
֪䣬һʱȻ
һҶ콫Ѫҩգٴ˫ʱ˱ȡ
ʱȥˡ
һҶѨȥ

ߣɽ
ݣ
Ӱвϴǰ֮أʱüһص˼㡣
غ׷ģǹ콾Ρ
⣬ذҲС
ڲǰذżȻζ棬֪Ҷг˿һ̸;֡
ΪȷܹҶ죬ذȶԸء
֪Ҷϵͬһ㣬ΪҪЮҶɵҲһ㱣ϡ
ذ飬ζֻ΢ԥƬ̱ͬˡ
ϾҶʵʵ̫ǿǲһ֣ʵЩ
˵ʮֲûʱҵأӶڵһĻ
żٱӵأ콾֮ʦ㣬ҪνˣӲġ
Ҫ־͹㲻֪ô׷ô޶ԣȴҶģҶҪΪԼΪۡ
콾˵ЩʱɫԵЩгŨɱ⡣
ʵʵޡ
ҶŴγԿظǶΰԷԹ콾ɲС
ټħԭʹù콾Ť·Ҳüˡ
ڹ콾вسţԼٶȣͼװˡ
ߣڤ粻顣
ץסʦ㣬ҪȺúһ

콾һ֮ɫзĴЦ
ˢ
䣬콾ʱɫ渲ǣ漴ٶȱһأֱӳ嵽ǰ
ȥ·콾סֻæֹסΣͼת򣬾ذȴһȥ·ء
ŰΧ·ӡ
ڵˣסֲɽ˼֣ٴӴóһöɫҩԥ¡
¡¡
ҩһǣصϢʼڽһͷɫ޷Զ
ߣȼѪΣͽͶѣƾһ˲ҵȵĶ֡
콾һм˿ûط
һĨ⣬̧𳤽Ȼһӣֱն콾
úá
콾˷ֱӭȥ

ת˲֮䣬˽غϣ콾䴦·磬ǽعδ˶ˡ
ذ˼״ҲǺԥս֮У콾ʱѹϵЦݱԽŨ

288¶

غϺؿзһƺ漴ٳȥ
ʱɫ԰ףϢҲԵüΪȶǸһ˿Ѫ
⸱ģ콾ȴԽԽ¶ޱ˵Цݣ˫̰֮ɫ
ŲϱƽĹ콾صڣ콾Ͳܵʥ𣿡

콾Ц
ģʥ֪ġ
˵ˣֲȡʥ֪Σ
˵ͬʱ콾ٴǰزɾ롣
ˢ
콾ֱֱ̧֣ץ˹ȥתͷذ˵
ģӿɲʱҲζڴ֪ºı飬һǳʡ
һ뵽ܶĵ콾ЦôҲѹƲסҲޱ˷ܡ
ŲϱƽԼĹ콾иֳһĨȻֻ̧еĳ漴ԥն
һεĳٶȷǳɵƷǳСûʲô
콾һмҪνˣ翹ֻԼһЩͷԹ־ܲѡ񡣡
ƾ̶ֳȵĹɻƲӵ
ӭĳ콾˿ûбõ˼ץ˹ȥѡӲӲԼоš
ô˲䣬콾ԭȻɫȻһ䣬ͫ׸Ȼһ¶ޱȺȻı顣
صĳ֮УŷһޱȿֲĺǹɺսӴ콾ȭͷ˲䣬㾶ֱӿڡ
ź壬콾оԼѪҺƺһ˲̣ܵˣҵʹ֮
콾֮ϣʱֳһ

ҵĴʹ콾̲סһҽæתѪ֮ʼڡ
ͬʱܻ潫콾Ѫ֮˫ؼӳ֮£ӿڵĺڱ⡣
ضһɫøɷףֳֳֻϺˡ
أ㳹ŭˣҲٸκλᡣ
˵Ĺ콾ٴζٶȷǳ죬ֱ˲Ƶǰһ㽫гķɡ
漴콾ٴֱ̧֣ץزһٶ̫죬ټ̫أ޷ܡ
֪ڶԷвк³һĨȻ׼Ա
ͣ
ɲ콾һֻȻ̧𣬶ظһʹ޷һʱ
콾һЦ
ǵС˼ҿɲôȥ
ۼ콾ƾԼʮ磬Լվɢضʱһ
ɾˣɲֶ̧һץ콾ķɵĳٴλصС
ȼվѪֱӶ似Ź콾Ĵȥ

ɹй콾ģԤеѪɽδ֣Ǵͬײرֱɡ
ǿȶΣطִʱ콾ƱƬǣԼĳЩƬϣֻһɫۡ
ˣϷˡ
콾ٴǰӸµĿŶԷϳ˿⡣
ͼٴγ֣ʵ̫أƶһ嶼ֻܲʵĿԷ
콾Ц˫۾׼סأؿǴѾãлᣬһʱ䲻Щ
ˢ
ɾڼأ콾ͻȻһƿʱһһȫ
ǱܵķӦ콾һʱˣ˾롣
¡
콾һˣԭڵƬһꪣ֮У˲ҳһͿӶ
ǹ콾뿪㹻죬һꪾˡ
Ǳꪵ˲䣬콾жʱŷ˵Ĺâ漴ɱӿҧг³֡
Ҷ죡
Ź콾һڣذζҲӦ˹һ裬Ŀɨܡ
ҶꪣϤˣ˿ꪵ˲䣬֪ߵ˭
ҶͻȻ֣ȫǵԤ֮⣬Щ⧲
εķӦܿ죬ذˣ죬Ƚ¡
һڣˢȳ˳ȥ
ذ콾һ۹ҲǷٳء
ֻҪܿסأ֣ԸҶҲܼһ
˻ûüҶӰȴͻȻ֣סǵȥ·
ݣ
ꪻһ⣬ֱɻҶУֳ˶š

289·
Ҷ죡
콾ҧгݣһһٿڡ
˵Ҷĵһ죬콾ŭͼηԷʵԭǱ˼
ذһ۹ǿΧǷ׷Ϣʱֵ׼
ҶɨһۺתͷأƴӴ仮һ˵ҩС
أˣЩһｻԸС
ҶǽԼر΢΢һ㶣Դȴų⣬ֽӹҶݹĵҩ
漴ѵСһ㣬һʵǳǿ
Ҷ΢΢ͷģзִ硣
Ŷ˽̸һĻ콾ϵıԽŤͺ
һԹŮ浱Ӳڲɣȥɡ
𣡡
콾ſȻθһأǱɫƬǣһβ͡
ʹû󣬹콾սܵӿٴλָš

콾һҶǰƬǵȭͷ¡

콾һȭٶʵ̫죬Ħ̶
ˢ
Ȼù콾û뵽ǣҶֻһͷ׾ٶ㿪һȭ

ܿ콾ͬʱҶֱ̧ȻӳȭͷڶԷ
һȭǹ콾ƬǣҲоһʹͬһͷײһ㡣
¡
콾ʱɶ;ײʮнɲͣ
һĻǾλذͫһɫȻѡ
ȫԸĹ콾ҲҪ˱ᣬײ
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ذ̲ס˵һ䣬ϵı鲻ϱ任
ΪǰҶ콻֣ԼԶԷʵ˴˽⣬ҶսȻǿҲ̫ס
ذ֪Լ뷨ЩˣԼսʱҶûжȫʵ

ŷʯгĨȥѪ¶ޱı顣
˫ɺעҶ죬µɱơ
ٵϢŷžζ˵ͺһʵ̫ǿһͬ֡
ذͬʱͷϿ˹콾飬Ҳ׷׶Ѫ֮һɱҶ졣
ౣ
һֱ˲ҶϷ£Ю׵֮Ҷ졣

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Ҷ״ꪣ漴žξһն
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ɽȴþԽܣԼ׵кҶ쾹Ǻˣһ׵֮ա
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δսӣذ޷ӳԼǿʵ˱ηηβ
Ҳ͸ҶᣬʹȽһˣѹͻСһЩذΪҪĿꡣ
ˢ
Ҷ˫ȻһӰֱذȥ
㲻Ҫ
ۼҶĿԼذҲŲסˣһתͷܣ˿û佻ֵĴ㡣

ʲôһǡ
ذ˲콾ɸֵ˻

Ҷٶȷǳ죬˲Ϣʱ׷ذ硣
꣡

ذĲҽһʵֱ̫ӽذ档
ʯɣذּ֮Ĺ֡
ɢȥذǱӰǰʱ֮УϳѱѪȾѪɫ
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㲻ɱҡ
ܵҶɢɱ⣬ذ𾪿ֵĴɲ
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ֻҪŹңҿԱ֤󲻻鷳֮µûһ㹻Ĳ
Ϊܹסذ˵Լͬʱŵôͼַ˵Ҷ졣

290¹ᴩ
ذ˵Щʱ򣬻콾ʹɫǵӦ˹תء
ҶչֳĿֲʵӲӲǵѡΨһϣֻ¶ԷвҶ졣
ߣ
ɶ˸ȴҶдһӰԭʧٴγʱס콾ˡ
ҶӵнѪٶžԵơ
·Ҷ죬콾ױѡ໥һ۹ͬʱ֣Ҷ쾶ֱɱȥ

ײҶһжǵ·磬ѹǴ
Զذ״ϵıֱ䣬ŴӵϸֳһĨ顣
Ҷսֲ̫ʵԶԷ⡣
ذҲףԼٴѡܣҶ죬һ޷ܵġ
һ뵽ҶɱĿ⣬ذû֡
㻹ŸʲôסҶ죬ȥء
ذ֮ʣ콾ı֮𣬵˼˻
ذԶʱһ˵Ҷ죬Ըһǲ塣
һˣذֳٳسȥ
콾ΪסҶ죬ʱʹ֧ԮĻᡣ
ذû뵽ǣûأԷȴӭȥ

Ϣ֮䣬˫㽻غϡ
ôܣΪʲôָ֮죿
һذɵˣԼռ˿ˡ
ԷϢ񣬸˵ӡ
ذܸоʱչֳʵʼҪǿϲ١
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ڵҩ̺ҲõǿսҲ˴
ذоܹѹƶԷ
ͣ
ٴνغϣذٴμֲסһ˳ȥؿڴһѪۡ
һ
콾״ŭǳ⣬û뵽ذ˲ضԸˡ
Ȼذû콾ŭٴɱ˹ԷֳֳٱƽԼϢĻᡣ
㲻ɱҡ
ʦãֻһʱͿɱͬſǻܵ𷣵ģʦһᡣ
ذٴοģʱҲ˲ʲôӣֻȥ
ϣ
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ˣ㾹ɱңҶҪ㸶ʹĴۡ
ذҧгݣ֪ûãԱ¶Լıԣ

̧гڱŷһɼºɺһ֣ذٸĪһӲٶܵӰ졣
ˢ
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ʱ䣬ذܵһɼΣ
𣡡
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ذȭͷɫ׻ƣһȭƴٶȸޱȣȭͷĦ˴̶
¡
ȭͷ볤ײ˲һɿֲˡ
˳˷ӣ֮飬ֱȥһһѷ졣
⡭
ذһȭؿٺȶΡ
Ȼذ״ҲòȥʱȭͷһĿӣѪ˿ڴ
ת˲佫ڵϢƽȥȻٴγذ˹ȥ

ذ״ŭ˼㣬޿κΡ
ղһȭذûκ֣Ϊ޷ɱأҲܽԷˡ
زǻԼɲС˺ȫԤϡ
ذǿ֮ĩٴɱأûжս
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ɸܳȥûԶذȴֳһٶ֮
ͬʱ󷽴һƿذëɫޱȾ֡

ͣ
ذ𾪿ֵĽкУسֱӽᴩ

žʹϮذдĲҽ

291
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֪֮ʧذһĲţû뵽ؾҶԼ֡
ذſ˵Щʲôȴᡣ
ͣ
ֻȻٴնһذĶʱʬ׷룬ͷ­߸߷
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Ȼͷһ㣬ذ˲䣬ǵһʱֱ֣ӽԷ֡
ҪأذμҲŹǵġ
ذ걻سĨɱò
ʲôôܣ
ԭڿֵĹ콾ˣۼذôˣһţʱǾ֡
һҶǶԸˣټս롣
һˣ콾ζ˽⣬໥ȥ
뷨һҲ޷ѹƣֳֵ˼֡
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ذѱնɱ콾ȻܷŹҶ첻뿪
Ҷ죬㲻Ҫǣƶ˭á
ֻҪԸ뿪ӿ㱣֤¾Բᴫȥ
콾Ҷ콻֣֤ܣֻϣԴƽ뿪
ˢ
Ӧ콾ꪣ߻˵꣬ꪾǰ
ǹ콾Ӧ㹻죬һҪûؿ֮С

콾ܻݺݵĿҶ죬˵ԷȻܣֻ֮ƴ
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콾Ҳǵһʱֲ񷣬һһͬʱ֣Ҷ췢
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Ҷצ˸âϴӹ콾ϻһѪۣѪ˿ڴ
һж£Ҷǵû·磬˴ˡ

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ͣ
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ֱʱβףԼҶһ˫ʵ̫
ˢ
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콾ſڣȴһҲ˵зѪ
֪Լɣ콾еĿ־ȥȡ֮޾Թ
ۡ
һѪ󣬹콾ѿ˵ҶҶ죬ҡʦʦһɱģһᡭ
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ܵҶɢɱ⣬ֽŲòϺˣǱ˼㡣
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ھó˲䣬ҶҲһʱӦֻȥǼԷ
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ҶڵƬ򣬴ʱŨ̳ǣ񱩵׵֮Ű

292ŭ
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Ҷת˲丽˿ϣЩ˿ۿɼٶϣҶɫҲԽԽ
⡭
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ҲûжʣǾԣֹͻȻɱ
ʱȻţ֪һʱȥҶǽյ˫ٴ

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һ䣬δܾҶ顣
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ҶǳŵĿ⣬ؾûһİ
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Բٶ˵Ҷһ̤ͬ

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콾ûãʦɽѵĻƣһĲš
콾콾Ȼˡܡ
˭
ɽѹƲסŭŭ˻Χ𣬺ܿ˵ע⡣
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޼ڵѰȥŭ֮˾޼ʥسϡ
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ο޼ʥǿ콾Ǳһʥȴˣʥ֮С
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졭콫Ϣ֪ʥ
æһʾ⣬ȥϢ

293𣬽
ʥ콾ͬʱ䣬ʵ̫Ѳܹˡ
⣬Ϊ޼ʥʥӵľҲ֮УԷȻưոݡ
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ݵŭ⣬޼ʥسϱ΢΢һ㶣ŭҲ֮ѹȥ˼֡
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ݲȻŭһֱԷĳ嶯
Ϊ˴ֿǣ֪Լֻ֣ܶء
ˢ
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ݾȹǿϲҶԸźƶԵУԼֻȫǰЩˣΣܻܿ⡣

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ݼ״û˿η壬ֱֳӭȥ˲߽սһ
ڣ
ۼʱѲˣæҶ졣
߾Ӥһξ룬Ҷֵʱ
ˢ
Ҷһ˲ӤǰһӣϵöӤʱ봢䡣
ۼ׾õӤݶʱ¶ϲɫ
ȻӤʧ߶ʱ뱩ŭ״̬
ң
˻ϵƬתΪɫΪֱͻһС硣
߲ݾֱӵתɱҶ졣
ҪֹȴԼסߡ
죬Сġ
æҶ졣
Ҷһתͷ㿴˼ٳԼĳߣδѡܣǻӶֱꪾԷͷ­

339±Դ

ײֱӱҶҷ˳ȥ
áÿֲ
ݼ״һ£̾д
ʵжǿղݿû뵽Ҷƾ֮ͽ߸ˡ
ˢ
ҶϣһһµĻӶڳϡ
Ҷ£ͷ­ϵƬ飬һ˿֮֡
ʹϯȫʱĳˣһޱǿҵֱٱǰôȥԼɡ
ȻҶǿ籩Ĺ߸ûдϢĻᣬֻһֱ
ˢ
ݴʱҲ˹Ҷǰлߣ·ȫ
ˣ
ۼʱˣҶ쵱úꪶʱɫâ

ٴλӳҶٶȿȴӿһ޷ܵĸо
ƺԼ㣬ᱻǰС
вĴ̼£߽ʵ£ֻȻſڣһųҺӿ
ԭҺȳͬʱ³ɫҺ壬һζ
ȻɫҺ˲䣬ȴɫ䣬æҶ졣
Сģǳ߱Դ
ԴǳΪֲľ綾ǿմȾϣҲҪС۲ܽʿܿס
ȻñԴ󣬳ҪĴͬǳΪ䣬ֱ䡣
˲򲻵ѵ£һ㲻ᶯñԴ
ݣ
ȻվһҶ̫ܣԴֱϡ

ԴҶ޶ãлһߣֱն³߲ϣ˲佫ͷ­ն
ͣ
ͷ­߸߷𣬱ɫѪҺ˿ڴ
ҶСӣû°ɣ
ۼ߱ɱæ嵽ҶԣһѯʣɫʱԵЩ
⡭ôܡ
ȻûҶӦԼȴȷʱһţעҶ졣
ֻҶϵıԴգۿɼٶȼ١
յԴҶǵûбֳκβʣϢǿ˼֡
㡭㡭
ݱ𾪵ԸӣҶǾȡ
ǿ߶ɵֵıԴôҶ쵱ˣһĻӾʵ̫
ݵ𾪣Ҷ⿪ڽǵʱȽ⣬ӵ򶾲ֵԣⱾԴûʲôá
ԭˡ
¶Ȼı飬ϸֳЦݡ
СӻһһθҾϲ
ˣȥȡӤɡ
ҶԵ˵ͷһӤԣֽöӤժ¡
˻ԺҶ콫һöӤ˹ȥ
ûݿھܾҶȿ˵ӤҲͷõһöЧ˾㶼Ҳûô
ԻصȻС㶼˵ˣϷҲͲˡ
ûѣֽöӤ˹ȥ
ӤҶתͷʬ壬ֶֻ̧һץʬʱɵС
߿ΪѪС˵ǲϣҶţԵСѺĿ
˵ûʲôԵǻ뿪ɣþӻϣôĿ׼ṷǽ
һأ˵йǡ
ҶԴȻûʲôҶһͬҩ԰ȥ
뿪ҩ԰ݾͲѶжæóеϢɫͱˡ
û뵽Щһ־ô졣
ֳϣôˣ
ѿɫҶ쵱һ䣬

ݳһǿнŭƽҶ˵
޼ʥͬǿߣһͬʥس֣вٵӶǶ֣ص˸Ǳ
һΣգҶжʱһĨâ
æ׷ʵʦģ
ҶѯʣҲû˼ڻصԴں¹Ȳ󷨣ѾͷС
ҶеĵǣæѣҶСӣµôӳ顣
޼ʥظϢܿǹΪ֮Է֮ôȻΪǰȥ
ֻҪ㲻֣ѾͷǶʱڲʲôΣգ˲̫ڵġ
ϣס
ҶʱԵʮƽϤ˾ͻףǡǡҶŭµı֡

340ǰҹ
̸󣬶û˿飬ֱ¹ȶȥ
˴Űʱ䣬Ҷ¹ΧڷԴⲼ˴֣Ǹһ㱻֡
ҶݵӰЩ˲ûðȻжǵһʱ¹
ϾҶʵǿײûκʤ㣬õİ취ǽ֮УԽΧɱ
ĿͶ¹ïܵĹ֣üء
Щһ˴£ҵȱ㹻Сġ
ɣǰ̽·ʲôһʱˣǧҪð
ҶܾĻᣬݾˢȳ˳ȥ
Ҷ״æϣһǰһ¹֮С
ݣ
Ҷʧ󲻾ãгӰͷذ޼
Ҷʧķذ޼¶Ц⣬˸ĺ⡣
ˣζȻҪһ֮ء
˵仰ذ޼ӻóһŴѶԥ顣
һУذ޼תͷһӣѯʵСѣУͲܵʥر𣿡
ذ޼еĹСѣǹŷ
ŷԴΧɱҶº󣬹ŷԥѡС
ذ޼ѯʣŷصֻҪǶˣ²û֪ˣҲʥسΪµʥӡ
ѲɣûնɱҶ첻ɣ

С˵Цˣǿﲼ޵ҶζȻӣܴӺɽ߳
ŷԻصˣӻʲôɹ˼ɵģǿһȥҿ˽Ǹһ
һ䣬ŷһӰɽܿʧӰ١
ŷһˣˣǶɱ֡
ŷӰʧ޼һһ
˵ϣһﲻһʳӶѣ˲ʵ̫ˣҪҪһѵ
ذ޼˰֣һصС䲻󣬵ʵȻһ㣬ϸܵв
浽ɱһҲûаܹ
ʲôôܣ
߾һš
ҪССӣϳһŨɷе鲻ܲǾҪǡ
ˣڲǾµʱǵҪĿҶ죬йŷһУɹֻߡ
߰ɣȥ
һ䣬ذ޼Ҳ
ɽҶ˼һʱλá
һƬǾͷʥصӵʬ塣
Щʬ屻ڹϣı鲻ѿǰǳĪʹࡣ
Щʬ˲䣬ݶʱŭգӿһɼɱ⡣
޼ʥأ̫
ݿдѹϯֲ˳˷ɢϸһһѺۡ
˵ŭ˼£ݲûʧȥǣΪԸоǰԱ֡
δǺǰɲðȻС
ݹ۲֮ʣǰĺͻȻɢԴӰ֮֡
ˡ
ԴһЦͶҶˣгźεɱ⡣
ԴѰ·
Դ˲䣬ݱ㷢ŭǡ

ԴЦصǲһ㣬Щһɶɡ
ֻԴһӣĺҶʧ¶˱ʥصӡ
ʱЩڱɱ󹥻໥Ͽ֧ţϻٶЩˣޱǱ
ôȥЩҪ˶þͻᱻɱĨɱ

ݼ״Ȼŭֶ̧ŷԴһȭֲȭֱԷȥ
Ȼݳֵ˲䣬Դ֮С
¡
һȭδзԴֱӱϸ
⡭
ڷĳ£ݿѪһӿ
ףȻ󷨡
ü𾪣û뵽Դܲ󷨡

һ𾪵ģԴٸһˬʱЦ
Ц󣬷ԴϷʵĿҶɨָ̧һָЩڿ֧ŵʥصӡ
ǿǼֲ˶ˣٲ֣͵ŸЩһʬɡ
ϣϾҡ
Ͼ
ԴȥϣЩܹݶˡ
ݵ˲䣬ЩΧĵͬһ㣬׷׿ȡ

341
ԴһĿһĻ֮ȥϣΪЩ˸Ҷǡ
ֻҪڣԼռݾλ
һڵӵģתͷԴݺݿ˵
ԴѰ·
ߣ
Դһص˭ʤ˭δ֪ռݾƣҪҲŶԡ
Ҷ㿴˭
ԴһӣصӰ֣֮ʱΧƹصԭǻδɿݵѪҺ
ҲҶ죬Ҷʦܿ뿪һﲻڲ󷨣
ػû˵꣬ԴֱӽҶ졣
Ҷǲϱ任ɫԴԼץˣ֣Էһ֮С
ΪܹҶ쾡󷨣Դֱӿڴ̼Ҷ죬ټôȥֻܸʬˡ
ϻὫһһɱǵ޼ʥص³Щ˶

ԴЦ̧־׼ɱ֡
㲻ҽԸΡ
ûȷԴ֣Ҷ
Ŷ
ԴһеĶʱΪ֮һ٣ʱҶǰ۵˸˷ܹâ
ҶСӲɣڹ̼㡭
æֹҶ󷨣ȨȫڷԴУٶʵ̫ðˡ
ֳϷģаա
Ҷݻһ䣬˫֮ţǺηݽȰĻ˻ȥ
Ҷ΢΢ͷݵȻţǱϾһˡ
ҶΪʥδȻһȥðգҪͬС
гҶ֪ԼܾҲûãͬҪ
ʹһɫҶ쾶ֱǰ󷨳ȥ
ŲϿҶ죬ڵطҡͷʾҪ
ȻҶ첻ΪԴȷʵɶ˵ٳҪ󲢲ʲô¡

ɹˣڳɹˣ뱾ϲõ󷨣㶨Ȼɡ
Ҷ̤󷨵˲䣬ԴļҲѹƲסֱӷЦ˷ܵ˼㡣
¡¡
Դԥ߶󷨣ʱܻڶֱӽҶ
Ҷ죬ʶһ¾׾ɱĿֲ
ڷԴĲٿ֮£۵һֱ۳һͷͻ
𣡡
ŭŤ޴ֱҶ죬ݺײϡ
׾ɱǿȵػ𣬾۷ǿҲҪ˱ᣬҶ̤ûãȻ޷ֵ
ԴԽ˵Խ˷ܣƺԤ뵽նɱҶĻˡ
¡
һҶһƬ𺣡
ԣôܣ
ȻûãԴϵЦݽסˣü˲š
Ҷܻ󣬾ȻˣΧ֮Լʵ
һ÷ԴɵˣȫûԤϵľ档
㡭㵽ô쵽ģ
ԴעҶ죬ʣͼеõ𰸡
Ҷֱӿڼ
һȱҲɱңЩ̫쿪ˡ
㡭㾹Ȼ󷨡
ۼԼȱݱһۿԴɫ䣬ĸһκˡ
ϻСˣֲøֱ̤֮УԭǶҲ˽⡣
㿴Σ󷨲նɱҲˡ
ԴɫݺݵעҶ죬ֳ첻ϻӶ
ʱԴ˲ݣйкҶϡ
۷Դ󷨹Ҷ춼ܽ⣬δ˶ˡ
ǷԴһԼ۵ùǺڴڴŴ
ҶҶ죬㲻Ҫ⣬ɱ޷ɱ㣬ϻ֣㲻ͷһ
ҶԻͷȥ۱㿴ӭĹŷˡ
ŷһΧҶʱǶʱ̵ֲЦݡ
Ҷ죬ּˣû뵽Ҳһ졭
ŷʮ䣬Ÿһַǳĸо
Ҳŷ𣬵ԷǺεɱ⣬ŭǵ
ŷΪʥصӣж֮ͬ˳֣Ͳ𣿡

ݻ䣬ŷȴͬʲôЦһ㣬ֱӷЦ
һЦ󣬹ŷÿɵһĿ⿴ݡ
ΪӶѡˣǻŽϢȥ𣿡
㡭
Թŷķʣһʱ侹Զԡ

342ܻ
ݣ
ŷ𻰸˵꣬ٴƿذ޼ʣǿ߸˹
ۼ˻ˣԴ϶ʱ¶ޱȵı顣
ݣѱװΧǲҲӡ
ɱʥʥӣ춨ҪСѪծѪһۿԼһȥ

ԴЦɫԵʮ
һͬ󷨣һЩҶˣϵԴʱһͬ䡣
Դ˻һŷû˿ԥ֮С
ϲٿЭֻܳ֡
˷Դı֤ŷȳֱ֣Ҷ졣
Ҷ죬ѪȫӣɵѪ֮ӶȻܹһ
˲Ϣ֮䣬ŷҶǰ
ˢˢˢ
ŷָΪϴҶ죬ٶȿ쵽ֻܿӰ
Թŷķ񹥻ҶȴͥŲڹؼʱ̱ܿĹ
һսҶһƵᣬŷȴ۵
⡭ⲻܡ
ܡ
ŷҧгݵͺ𣬶ǰһ޷ܡ
ΪԼʵʱŷѪ⣬֪˶ʹࡣ
òײŽΪأΪܹѹҶһͷû뵽˫֮ྐྵ֮
ղŵһŷȫû˿֣ȴҶ½Ƕû
󷽵ذ޼һĻҲǱǰδء
һʵֱǿˣ˵츳ʵֲ̫
૽ذ޼к
һҶ뿪Ҷذһ彫ӭ֮֡
ذ޼¶ģԼһЩۣҲնҶ졣
Сѣ㡣
ذ޼ߺһ˱ΧС
룡
ݼ״ͼǰæճȥûԶԴȴ·ס
ĶǱϣûҵҲȥˡ
Դ㵱
ŭһֱֳɱԴֻΪܾǰȥҶ졣
Դһ۾Ϳ뷨˸ս󷨴ػս
ԴִޱȱԴҲ޷ҶṩκΰֻҶ챻Χ
úã
һǿߵΧҶǵû¶һ˿⣬ƺЩ˷ܡ
ˢ
ҶֳꪳȺƾžʵʱ绢Ⱥɱùŷ˽ڽڰˡ
˵ڽսУŷ˹ʱʱҲҶ죬ʵ̫ǿ˹޷ƿ
һﵽʲô
ذ޼ȻһԼϷֱۣĿ־屻ϷŴ
ҶʵԶԤϣռƣȴǱԷѹŴ
糤ϣٲҵȶסˣ
ذ޼æתͷλں󷽵ķԴԮ
ԴԲҳɣɱһͻƾճ֣ŤҶ˹ȥ
˻İæŷ˶ʱоѹ
λһʵҲˣˮ㣬ҵûκκô
ŷϿɨ
ҪһϵĻԵͽ汾ó˭ͲҪˡ
СѷģҵȶȫԸΥҲŹ
ذ޼ȱ̬ϣҶģȻȫֹ֧ŷ
ذ޼ŷľ棬ʿȻ㣬֪ǲó㱾£ǻᱻˣ
һʱ䣬ǿϢ׷ױǣԼǿ
ɳƣ
彣

Ѫ
ڹŷذ޼£һǿͬʱ֣ǹ׷Ҷϡ
飡
Ҷ챻ǣƣԶ˹ʵʵС
һҶֱӱ˳ȥѪϢҲ˱Щҡ
𣡡
ץסᣬײҶϣʹٴμء
ҶʦܣҪңߡ
ۼҶˣü˵ǣȰ뿪˵ء
ʦ֣ߣùǡ
ʥصӣʱҲ˶Ŀ־壬һͬȰҶȥ
ߣûбҲȥˡ
䵣һǶһԼɡ
ŷ𼥷ϷʵĿͶΧһʥصӡ
ŷͽú
ˣĹεļһҲк³ʳΪҵᡣ

˵ŷɫԽԽ˸ź˵ĺ⡣
úúá
õúܣ
ȺúϧʧɣӽҶնɱ󣬱·

343¾
ŷ̹ǣ˵ЩҶ죬ץסҶ˵ᣬնɱ
ݣ
ذ޼Ҳͬ뷨ǵһʱֻ֣ΪܹնɱҶ졣
ԼٿˣҶȴվԭزΪš컯תϵƿٻָ
ͬʱҶǶ˽ѪϢȻһأֲѹ˾ֱѹ˹ȥ
ʲô⡭һﾹ
ŷɫȻʵûԤϵҶ쾹ʵ
Ҳ˲ô࣬ûлͷٶٴαǣһգ۵Ĺˢȳ嵽Ҷǰ
ȥɣӻ꣡
ŷֱӶȴҶ֡
ϾҶֲ̫ŷ֪Լʱ޷ƿֻܶ֡
ֻҪ걻ĥ𣬾ǿҲǰ裬ǶԸЧİ취
ŷ깥˳ĻֱӳҶʶ
浱ŷĥҶʱȴ֪һɺ嫵ɻǰԼϣû˿֮
ͣ
ȹŷô£Ҷʶ㱻ĥܵ˷ɣſڱһѪ
ʱ䣬ŷɫɷף˺һξ룬Ϣ
ˢ
Ҷ춯ˣͬһŷԣ̧סĲ
һзڵ䣬ذ޼˸Ӧ
šſҡ
ŷɫǺ죬˫ֲϷͼҶԼ
ȻҶͬǯӣסŷ𲱾ʹʲôֶΣ޷Ҷ
졭ɱ
ۼ⿿Լãŷֻûͷߴذ޼ˡ
ʱֻذ޼˹ԼѰһܡ
Ҫ
ɹŷ𻰸ճڣȴҶӴһƬͨ죬ʱ
꣬꣡
𣬹ŷ˫ѪµʹŤҲԽԽ
ۼȥǰ취ŷԻӶȭͷֱҶؿڣͼԴַȶԷ֡
ȻŷǸ߿ԼĹҶϣδȡκЧ
ذ޼ŷѣҲæɱУκҶֲ̫֮׾ٽȫ⡣

һİУŷ𲱾ֱӱϣֱ̱ȥ
˹ŷʱȴͻȻ𣬴Ѫ֮ӿ˲佫
ûһĹ򣬹ŷϵ˾ָٴɺ˫
һĻذ޼ͫȻһŷĿǲš
⡭⵽ô쵽ģƾһ˲ȫָˡ
Ũɷħƣһһѡħֲʵ֮졣
ذ޼ܿ㿴⣬ôһǣʿ۵ȴǻȣԹŷħ˿
ϾԷΪٶȿҲˣָ˿ֲ˹ֻݣ˲Ķ
ԴӶáѪ칦һ̣ŷûڣͶҶ죬ӿд
Ҷ죬ӳǿɱȴûôףѪ칦Ŀֲġ
Ϊκβ㣿
ҶǴЦʡ
ҶϵЦݣŷӿһ󲻺õԤУڶԡѪ칦ΣǺܿƽ
װŪʲô;ʹɣӻ״˹Ŀֲ
Ǻǣ
ҶЦһԥת컯ҲоѪ칦ԭɾѪ
Ѫ칦֮ܿٻָҪľѪ֮
ֻҪŷѪѪ֮룬޷޸ơ
Ҷ칦תŷԸоѪ֮ڿʧ
ۼѪ֮ʧٶԽԽ죬¹ŷˡ
졭ңֻҪȾ±ӣԸ⽫ǹ
ŷæذ޼ȣΪȫԸϧóΪ롣
ò˵ŷȷʵǳջذ޼ٴγ֣ƴȫӪȹŷ
꣡
ǻһҶٴŷ𲱾
Ѫ֮Ҷѹƣ¹ŷ޷ָϢʼѸʧ
Ҷ졭ҲŹġ
ŷ֪ȥԼͼƬ
ɹŷճͱһɹܿƳȥ
ʲôҪ
ŷţͼǹƣ޼¡

344ͥŲ

һİ󣬹ŷĻ峹ʧͬҶһ㡣
ʲô
ذ޼˼״ɫ䣬ŷʧ̫棬ǸûпҶġ
ȷӦǷԴæ˵
Сһ㣬һ϶Ȼرȡ
ҹ
ԴŭһɹԼ˺ٴδ߶ɱҶ졣
ͬĿҶɲǳΣͬȰٺˣĻ汻㿪Ҷ첢δܵκӰ졣
Ҷ컹ᣬذ޼˷üʿˡ
ʿˣ󷨰æκβҶ죬ʹĿ־屻ϷŴû˶Եе
ʦ䣡
ʦ䣡
ʥرһڵӼ״Ƿ׷ΪҶȲʣɫԵʮ˷ܡ
Ȼǲڻãһڱ㱻Դע⵽ˣìͷתǡ
ϷԴĿ⣬ʥصӶʱɫһݣӿԤС
Ȼ
ܿԴв
Ҷ죬ټܱϵĹǾ׼һʬɡ
Դ䣬ڶ˲佫ЩΧĵӰΧ

һʱ䣬Ĳҽ
ԴתͷҶ죬ʱ֮ɫ
ôÿһɶС
ԴһʤȯյļƣƺԶ˹һ㡣
Ǻǣ
÷Դû뵽ǣҶӦԼһЦδ˷ԼʱĿзǼ
ô治ںЩһ
ԴʵͬʱҲֳ֮ɫɱֵĴ㡣
ΪԶҲɣ
Ҷ첻ڡ
ʲô˼
Դüͷһ壬ĪһɲõԤУܸоʲôҪ
вԽԽǿңԴݺһҧϹʲôֶΣȻԸֿǾͿЩһɡ
ǡꡭ
Դ׼֣һڶʱΪ֮һ٣æԴ˹ȥ
һ֮·ԴɵˣΧʥһڵӵ󷨣ʱִѺۣҲ
ԭѹƵһڵӣѻָɣǿϵƣ໥һۺæͬʱ֡
¡

ʥڵ£ǵֱӱ飬ٴλָɡ
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θպᣬټҶЩҩƷʼѣӶ۸Ż֮ߡ
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պúҶĿͶ˳漴˵»ӡԴʲôԹԣ
ۼҶͻȻѯʴ£˳һ£عæӦ
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˳û˵ѣǽԼʵ뷨˵˳̧ͷҶӣʱĿֵ˼㡣
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ɡ
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ӵѪĻ᣿
˳ϸֳɻ֮ɫӦǳ죬æᶨӦ
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˳ᶨ˼㣬ûһ˿η塣
ѪغһʿδûѪ֮˲츳һأٶҲ˺ܶࡣ
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Ҷ춣췢һУ㲻ܶἰֺ֮Ҳܸߡ
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Ҷ͵˳ͷʨʨѪ۶ɵѪᾧֻҪ̳ʨѪ
ʼ˵Ѫᾧкܴգ޷Ѫ̺Ļֱܻ֮ܿ䡣

˳Ժ٣һĿѪᾧʱ
Ȼ˳𾪣ѪᾧǵһţҶ쾹óֶ˵ֶʵ̫졣
˳Ҳ֪ʵԼһܹʣ֪̫Լûкô
ƽü󣬹˳æ
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ҶһӣʨѪᾧ˳˹ȥ
˳״һץסѪᾧû˿ɣֱӽѪᾧ顣
Ѫᾧѵ˲䣬ɫҺ˲佫˳

漴˳档

ҵոù˳һҽܿ죬ҧ֡
𣡡
̶𣬻治ϻۣ۳һͷͷʨ
ǻ۶ɵĳͷʨ쳤Хֱ˳ڡ

ͷʨ˲䣬˳һƺŤһ¶ޱʹı飬ǲϾΡ
˳ͬ¯֮УգǴ飬ʹüβιȥ
һ뵽غԼδ۹˳Ҳҧ֣˿ûз˼
ʱ䲻ƣ˳ϤɻʹȥľҲʼ޸
¡¡
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ˣ
Ƶ˳ܹԵĸоѪ֮һأҴʱԼڣһ
˳ȥǹԭϨĻٴγ֡
ֻγֵĻ棬δԹ˳κ˺Щ档
Ź˳һЩֱ۳ɻף֮ϡ
ɹˡҳɹˣ
˳ôг֪ԼǳɹѪ֮ˡ
ͨ
ˡ
ųֱӶҶȥ漴ͷ­ؿڵϣ춯Ｄ˳лҶ֮

337º
ʨѪĿǰѪаǰٵĴڣ˵ر𶥼⣬ɶԹ˳˵ȴһԵ
Ϊ츳˵֮ͬбȽϿǰĴڣ㲻ϳ͡
ԼүүڣҲλãЩ˳һֱǿκûѪһֱߡ
һˣʨѪټԼݵλλý̩ɽ˿ɺ
ȻĹ˳λʵûжȤˣαøǿ
ҶڣֻҪԼúðסᣬδ̤ʾпܳ
˳ԽԽ
ˣɡ
ŹڵĹ˳Ҷ쿪ʾԷ
˳æʵʵվһԵȴҶ´µָ
ҶҲ֪˳Ѫںϵʲô̶ȣ˵˵
ȫѪ֮ҿѪںϳ̶Ρ
ǣ
˳Ӧһ󣬵ȫ߶ʨѪ
𣡡
˻֮𣬳ͷʨӰڹ˳֣ϢȻһء
ųͷʨӰ֣Χ¶ȿʼѸ˳ֱӱΪһˣɢѹֱǿߡ
Ҫ֪˳ʵΪǰ벽ѣѪ֮Ϣܿǿߣν졣
Ͼ˳Ѫûã˶ʱһȻںϷǳ
ãܲ
ҶĿ佱ǰǳ⣬ͬʱҲӹ˳֤ʵԼ뷨ǿеġ
ƾѪȫһĵǿǿߡ
ջ˼ҶĿͶ˳
ҪȥһЩˣҪʲô츳Ҫġ
˳ɵӣ뵽ԼɵʨѪҶˡ
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ջ˼Ҷ콫ǰ˳Ĵóʯϵ¶Цݣ
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ֻҶһӣΧ˲ִʯŨȻһأ
ҶϥתӿڣʱҲ֣֮Ҷͷת
кӺӿҶڣӿĺԽԽ࣬Ҷ˸һϹ⡣
ҶĸоԼΪȲƷչȥٹʱ䣬ͻһС硣
Ҷ첢ûһֱ˰ʱ䣬óǲʯͣ
Ҷ˵ĿǰͻһСûãȻһֱӳʾ硣
ҶŶҲʱȥռѪˡ
ҶĿ겢ɽ뿪ʥأǰĽء
ĽݼҶԼҶɲǣʵõóὫĽݼһԴˡ
Ϊһ뿴ĽݼռԴܽĽݼԴΪãԼΪٶҲܼӿ첻١
Ŀǰһ⣬Ǳ˵ʥһڸ߲㡣
Ҷ룬ֱȥĽɡ
ˢ
һҶԭʧ֮λá
ҶһĵӾͷӭ
Ҷʦܣ֪Ϊ£
ʥ̡
Ҷ쵱˵ԼĿģԵصʥҪǰɽȡ
ںҶжţʥ֮أʥصĽ֮ˣײǰ
лʦѡ
Ҷлһת뿪ֱȶȥ
һʱҶɹڴû˿ɣֱ̤С
ѵСһ·ߣҶɹǳŨܻʮּžȷʵһ޵ĺõط

338
ٴһξ룬һСéӳҶҲĽɡ
ʱĽһʯԣһ׷ԲԵߣǿû¶κϢҶȴܸܳĲ
ԷʵȻǿĽɡ
ҶԾȣû뵽ʥؾ˴˵ǿߡ
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ĽЦһҶĵ⣬ֻΪҶ̤뺮һ̣֪ˡ
Ľ쳽ָָ̧һԵʯʣʾҶ£Ҷ״Ҳֱ
׷ߴʱڴҶ죬Խ֮ɫĿ佱
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ӵд˵ΪδɾͶȻʥǳһ
ĽҲЦЦһԵҶȻܵ
λ⣬һʥ
ҶԵڣҶ죬ʥ

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ҶҲ飬ֽɫ׸˹
ҲڽͣΪƬɣڲӡ飬ڸս
ϴף»ܹƿķ۷ǿߣҲֵܰһ
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ڵʵȷʵԱȻȥǱȥɡ
мҪԱȫΪʱɶ㣬й¶ǶȻԥɱ֡
ˣһţʽɱֶˣΪɱ㡣
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Ҷ֪ĽΪԼã˻شʮϡ
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ҶγʧУĽĿͶһ⣬ѯʵ
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ʦ㣡
ûѩԷƺ֪ԼҪ뿪ʥأǰȴ
ʦ㣬ôˣ
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ѩעҶ죬ԴЦ˵ҶʦܣʦôΪҸоһֱҡ
ΪʥŮԭ𣿡
˵仰ѩĿͣҶϣ۲仯
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ѩЦЦ
ˣˣιǸͶġ
˵ͬʱѩӻóһöơ
жȻΣأö°ɣؼʱ˵ܹ
ûҶ쿪ھܾѩ㽫ֱС
ʦܣһҪȫ
֮ܵȵƣҶ֪ѩһƬ⣬ѡ
лʦ㣬ģҲµġ

339´ϣ
˵仰Ҷת뿪ѩǾվԭעıӰ
Ҷ쳹ʧԼУѩŷʥء

޼ʥء
ĽԴ˷ֱɹ޼ʥأƾ츳ܿͨ˳ɹʥء
޼ʥʥӣټ̽ѰѪɭ˲콾Ҫŵʱ˶ҲǸӡ
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Ľң֪ŨЦҲ޷ѹơ

ĴЦĽдҶ죬ǵöɱ˾ֵܣҲûлᡣ
ƷչȥҪ˶ʱ䱾ٿɳΪʥӣʱڡ
ĽԽ˵Խ˷ܣһ뵽Ҷڽŵصĳ̲סһЦ
ƽҶ쵱ϥʼôõ֮أúúУ֮Ϊ
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ֱĺûᣬĽȻܻ⣬ԼҪһͬǰȥɱҶ졣
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ȻѾˣ֪йҶ£ϾͲٶ
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ĽæصϷģ·ѽϢ˳ȥҶ춨Ȼóѵġ
ţ˱á
ĿĽһۣĿɨ೤ϡ
λ뿪ʱ䣬ʥؾͰˡ
Ϸģҵȶάʥء
һڳӦ
õڳϻظ໺һĽԡ
ֻĽץסĽ죬˴
ݣ
һɫâĽԼķɽĽֱ
˵˵йҶϢɳ;УĽ˵
˵ʱҶ˽⣬֪ϢޣĽ첻ǰΪҶͬţȻΪԷ
ĽԲҵԼ֪Ϣ˵˳
֪ҶΪ˲ʱ䣬ɫϱ任и¶̰Ŀ⡣
һҶ죬˶ʱڳɳ϶ԽԽȤϣҪʧǡ
ȻජҶϻԵ
࿴һʱ֮ǿҶõĻԵȻǳֲ
ԼܻϻԵȻ̤𾳣߾ҲǲܣԽľԽ

340ºӥ
ʳ
ҫҲյҶ뿪ʥصϢһʱ佫Ϣ֪ɡ
棬ǱߴϢҶС뿪ʥˣǰĽݼҡ
Ŷ
һ৵һ´λ˫֮˸˷ܵĹâ
ãܺá
ΪСһֱţû뵽ȻҲֻҪܵõԳʾˡ

ĴЦӹɿд
ƽɵһԵĹҫԸ
αԳ֣ʳǰ֪ˣںӥĻϡ
ӥλڻʶǧ￪⣬ǰĽݼҵıؾ֮ء
ɵĴ㣬ںӥǰӶһٽҶնɱ
ҫæӦǣȥ֪ͨˡ
Ӧһ󣬹ҫæת뿪
ˢ
һҲԭʧˣʱ䲻ϵټϴԴӦΪѳɹء
ںսҪͬʿǿϲ٣ȫ£ܹӦԳʵǿߡ
նɱҶ죬ĿνʮþȣΪԷܴԼߡ
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ֻһˣֵӰʱ¶֮ɫӶԷϸܵв
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ǼӰŻڣǰͬΪɱҶС
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ݳĬλǰĽݼҵС˵ǰҲ޷峤С
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͸Ľ峤Ѷɣ֪ôѡ
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ĽݼӲҵӴóѶϢ˻ȥ
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ʱĽݼҲسŵҲԶǳ֡
Ǽڴˣ½ɡ
ĽݼҼͷ˿Υ
ˢ
δԭʧٴԡ
߿˹һۺ𽥱ģֱΧΪһ塣
һϢʱ䣬Ϣʧøɸɾ֪ԷԼԣȴԸܵϢ
һʱ䣬ɫԽء
Ĳɸ̾ǻʽɱ֣˵ֶεǿֲ
ɲòϣԼϻʽɱ֣ҲԴӶԷл
ҪǶԷֲֶ̫˷ʤһСľͻ﷭

һ󣬺һξ룬ҲʼϢ

341»
ȴ˴ʱɲڼٿʱһæϢɢͶ˹ȥ
Ҷ죬Сˡ
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ϾԼ⣬ǻһʽɱֶڰУΪҶ롣
ܿɱ㷢֣Ҷٶ֮һʼ˲٣ڳԼڷ򿿽
ˣһӦûз
ĵһ䣬¶ޱȲ̵Цݡ
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СҲˣΪҪһЩǱ̫߿ˡ
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κ⣬һƳɹҶ죬ȻЦȴͻȻȻֹ¶һһı顣
ܡⲻܣ
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ˢ
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ۼԼ͵Ϯʧ֣˿ûսһȥܿҶ칥ͬʱٴڰС
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344ºȻ
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Ҷٶȸ죬Ȼ̳׾ٶĽս

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ҽĽսдͷһûؿڵꪣǾ֡
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ɱҶ죬ʣĽһ˱ŵøεѣ֪ûκЧ˷׷ƿڴ
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¡
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īӰèٶȣ֮ôǿҶһսѶ˲ˣԵЩǱ

ݣ
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ҶһֱӶٺˣɹ̶ܿһ

355³
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ڰɫ󣬸ͷСһЩĻǣڰǵĴ³ȺϷɱ
أأ
ﲻԽԽࡣ
ȺͻȻ֣˲һϵעǲټѨǵתȺɱȥ
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ݣ
ʮͷһϳ˲㽫ΧסЩͬʱڣŰɫҺ壬
һĻһԾ˰ΧȦɹ㿪Һ幥

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ͣ
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¡
ɫϳأֱڵҳһ޿ӡ

357໥ɱ
ͻȻֵĺɫϣɢϢ֮˿
ң
ɫϿ˻Χ󣬿ٳΧ˹
Ȼֻɫϱ
ݣ
ȲȡжٻӶһ
ӭ˿壬Ȼӭȥ
飡
ת˲֮䣬޼սһĴ֮𣬶ʱֲ̳ϳ˷ӡ
ƴɱǴҲûţʱͬս֮С
ڶһɱź˵ʬ壬ŨѪζ
Ҷ첢δȡжڶѨĬĬע˫ս
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ʱǱ¶Լ׳Ϊʸ֮ףҶɲ뱻һΧһȽϺá
飡
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أ
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ˢ
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飡
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ôˡ
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һ̤Ѩ޾ͷϢҶ죬ʱΪ֮һ١

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Ҷ첻ϱƽĿ־Ҳ޷ѹƣ˻һתͷܡ

358α
ۼֱѡܣҲ˲ʧȥ־ͬηҶʵһʱת롣
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ݣ
ۼ·ֻƴзɳһɫҺ壬綾һ㾶ֱҶ
ɫҺһ֣Ҷŵһɶζæܡ

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⣬ҶͶȥɻĿ⣬ڳҲ׷׿Ҷ졣

405²þ
ʣҲûʵ˼һ˵˳
Ҷᵽʱڸ߲ɫ䣬з׷׸ֳ֮ɫ
ʥھͺ޷֮ǰϺĻˡ
ʱҲԵôһ֪֮ʱԼܻңǿнԼȶ

һҶѯʵ죬Ҫô
Ҷ˵ûмǴҲƿһСɣ
ԻӦȷʵƿһС磬ֻСȽƶ񤣬ڲŨȷǳϡ
ʵ棬ƿСϢ֪˽
ʵ˵С磬ƺΪؾʺϣΪǸСټϡԭ򣬶Ʋֵ̫
õĻӦҶ쵱ԼĴ֪ǡ
ڿȶС磬ܱܶΣգϡ⣬һ㵹Ǻý
һԲ¾άûκ⡣
Դϲ
ãͰС˵ð졣
ڳҲ׷׸͡
鲻
ûһԶڱˡ
ƽҶ쵱
²˳٣ǰСɡ
Ҳʱ䲻࣬κε飬ǰ·
ȥ֮ʱһԵľɵ˷Ը
ľϣ֯תƵ¾ͽˣһڵӽС硣
ľæӦ
ݣ
ľɻ䣬𣬴Ҷ˼Զ룬κܿʧӰ١
ƿصС磬ڴǧ룬˽һʱ䣬Ҷһ˲Ŀĵء
ҶɨһۣƬɽޱȻߣŨȸϡ˼㣬ȷʵûʿ˵ء
Сֵطȫȷʵǳ󣬺ѻ뵽ֵطһС硣
ҶΧ֮ʣӻóһƣ׼ָҶ˼һξ롣
ٴǰ˴ŰɣͣͷҶ˵
ˡ
˵ͬʱе˳ȥǰնʱһŤС֮֡
Сڳֺһ̤УҶ˽
СҶΪڲط
˷Сʵƶ񤣬еϡ˼㣬֮֮ػ硣
ʱֵطΪ޷ֺе侳ķա
С죬㿴ܲڴ˵ز¾󣿡
ҶԿʼΧ˵ͷ
û⡣
һ䣬Ҷ춯ˣһӴӴóĲϡ
Ĳϲر࣬ҪһǹƣҶż裬ƶ˵Ӧ֡
ҶˮĶԽԽľ̲ס̾
û뵽С첻һ;츳һҲ˸ߵ衣
ĸ̾ĽҲͬĵ˵ͷ
Ҷ̻Ƶٶһʦǿ
ĽҶڵҲв裬ҶദʱԽĽԽľ̲סĸ̾
СӾʲô漰һ
ʱһһţҶеٶԽԽ죬ԽԽƣƬŨڻ
ȻԱȵصŨȣоۼҲ޷̫άʱ
Ҫӵ㹻ӦǵʯУʯά־תճ´ࡣ
Ƴ׿̻ɣҶóһ䣬ֱ
ʯ㹻þάһʱ䣬ⳡΣ㹻
ʵһʱ䶼Ҷ챣ˣٶȣټк̤𾳡
ǸʱΣձ㲻Ϊ塣
ɨһ۴䣬ʯʱһæҶ־ܾ
У̫ˡ
С֣ˣܻҪʯⴢ㻹ջȥɡ
˵ͬʱ䳯Ҷ˹ȥ
Ҷ״ûȥӣ˵°ɣҲȱʯ
˵ˣʳ޼ʥؼҪȡʯޱȼ򵥣㲻صĴ¡
Ҷһ˵Ҳе㲻ټƴǡ
ãұˡ
ˡ
Ҷ̸󷽱Сͨٴθ֣ľɵһڳ½̤ͨ

406ºȻѹԴ
ľɵ̤С粻ãʣһڵҲ½С
̤Сڣͷľɱһ֮ɫ鿴Щ˷ܡ
⡭Ũ
ʱŨȲ磬Ҳ̫࣬೤ҲһľҶ𾪵ˡ
ȿȣ
һľɵע˹ȥ
ۼĿԼϣԸȰŵӣ콫ŵش
ǣ
ľæڻӦ漴֯һڵӴݣϾԺҪڴ˵һʱ䣬ȻӦ
ɢȥҶ쿪ڵ
ҲҪ뿪ˡ
Ҫ𣿡
ҶҪ뿪ˣЩᣬܿ
ףʥѱڶϣ䴦ȻòȥҪĽʥȥ
һû˵ʲôĻһ֣ѵ
˷ǰȥһСģҪҵȰæĵط˵ڶȫԸɡ
ޱ֣ء
ˡ
ҶЦӦһͷĽһۺ󣬶˱ת뿪˴˷С硣
Ҷ뿪󲻾ãľԣʱҲǵǡ
СȥΣء
ԻصСзִ磬Ҫ
š
ľɵͷӦδ£漴ֱתƻ
ʳ䣬Ҫ˶ʱ䣬ʳͷ档
޼ʥظ߲˴һӶԴĺûᣬҪҪץס֣
ľ˵Щʱ೤Ҳ˹ǽǿ֮гڴ֮ɫ
һڴˣľɽֻԥƬ̣ҡҡͷ
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ľ˵òȷʵһӶԵĺûᣬʵ̫һͻ֮Σ
ҵҪľǱȫֻҪСû£Դ򵥣ǰķԸ¼ɡ
ڳһҲе㽫е뷨ѹȥ
ҵȽ֮
ڳӦ
š
׵ͷӦ˵̬ʮ⡣
Ȼȹˣ˳һæһͬ󳹵׼ɡ
һӣó˴龧ڳϣʾǷֱ֮С
ڳõʯ󣬷׷жһṦš
ڷɺ󣬾汻׼Ũȶʱһأڳ϶ʱֻˬĸо
áŨ˾治һƷ󷨡

ԷЦ
ɾͲ´ˣСӲõƷ󡣡
ʲôƷ
Ⱥоڳüǲţ𾪡
һƷҶӲõһʱʵ̫ˡ
ԭڳΪԼ㹻߹Ҷʵڿ̫С
ڳ𾪹ǿϲϾһλ콾ûɸоһԺ
ˣҲȥæɣҪһʱ䣬̫⡣
ʵһ䡣

ľɵӦתȥ

޼ʥأƵڡ
꣡
һޱȴ̶صƵػƵĳɫ䣬æԴ˹ȥ
ϡ棿
һ֮»ƵɵˣֻĻԨĻƣʱһѷ죬ƱǵѷмһΪ

ȻƵ϶룬ǵֱӦ飬һ촷ɢ
ĻԨĻըѣͬһ㣬Ҳ׷ըѡ
ꡭˣˡ
ЩѵĻƣƵ϶ʱһʧֱ̱ڵϣиֳ֮ɫ
޼ʥظ߲ȫûʥص˵һ޼ʥأһҲ㲻ϡ
ĻԨϢǴȥҪ˶ʱ䣬޼ʥرᱻ
ϾЩ޼ʥص˲ǰΪ޼ʥ㹻ǿЩȻҲҶʥô
޼ʥǿ߾䣬˾ѵıᣬԷȻ
ƵԽԽľͷ亹ֹ֣סһ
ӣұ޼ʥأֻ·һ
ƬԥƵϱܡ
Ƶϲֱȥô˻ᣬ޼ʥѹһЩԴΪ׼
ǿƽ󣬻Ƶæӵֱ޼ʥҩ԰ȥ

407޼ʥ
Ƶϸһҩ԰㱻һ߸
ҴææΪ£
ǻƵϵ֣·ΪԳ޼ʥ߳ϡ
Ҫҩ԰ԭβδĻԨǰڡ
Գʣɫһ任¶˾֮ɫٿҪҪ߶Էʵ顣
ҲԼ޷˵Գѹҩ԰еԴǲܡ
һȨ׹ջǾʵ֪Է

һ
棬ʥضˡ
¡
̶̵һ仰ȴͬʯ쾪һ㣬ԳԺкȻը죬ֱ״̬Ĳš
㡭˵ʲô
ԳӲȷٴһ䣬ȻЩ޷
ˡ
նٴλһ䣬ĿֱԳɡ
ܣⲻܡ
ԳһģֹסˣиǸֳ֮ɫ
ʥˣ޼ʥһһ뵽Ϣй¶ȥĺ̲סһ󵨺
ˣѳʵ㲻Ҳ壬֮Ϊδ׼
һʧǵԳæѶԷڿûʱ䵢顣
ôһѣԳҵƽϾԷ˵ȷʵ»ǵΪıһδ
ô
˵²µԳɻѡ񿪿ѯʡ
ָָ̧ҩ԰˵
űǽȥֻܶҩ԰֣ҩȫߣԴ㹻ܳһʱˡ
һͬȡеԴֳΣ
˻һڣԳֻԥƬ̣ͷͬ顣
ãû
õԳظͷ
ǾͿ򿪽ưɣǵʱ䲻ˣ׼նɱ֮ʱɱ
Գҵæҩ԰ƣ˷ٳС
໥һ۹Գֿжҩ԰еҩո
ͬȳһ㣬һжֵҩȡ
˴һʱ䣬Գڽҩ԰ѹϣŴĿҩϽ¶Цݡ
߰ɣץʱ뿪ȫٽз䡣
һҲԸߴԳ뿪޼ʥء
ԳԳɣ˵ǲϢ֪𣿡
Գɴ˻һͶȥһɵӵĿ⡣
Ϣ˵ȥΪҶ˻ܰȫ뿪ɱҡ
˵仰ҲԳô룬ֱתȥһҲԸ
Ͼ˵ԼڵԴѻãǲѲҪֻ뱣ȫסԼ
ԶԳϸֳ˾֮ɫ
һԳջǾԱȫΪ
Ͼ˵ȷʵʱ̣ʲô¶пܷһжԱȫΪϾѲƶ
Գٶȼӿ죬ûһṦ׷
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ԳУĸл
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˵ٶȷǳ죬˲ʮϢʱ䣬ɹ޼ʥɽǰ
ݣ
ƿԳһǰһ޼ʥأɽŵĵӼ״϶ʱ¶ɻ飬ɵ
ǷʲôˣΪԳ˴Ҵæ
ɽŵĵüͷ壬ܵľ²ԾĪ
ϾĻԨ뿪ʱǽûл֮ǰ˭Ҫ뿪ʥء
ΪϵԳˣһļ뿪ʥأʲô·
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ʦ֣ȥɣҿŲ¡
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ٶȷɿ죬ûһṦƵִʱĻƵޱȰûһ￴ء
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ڵĻԨϢй¶ǰҩ԰ʱ⽻˭ܿƵôȻۼһЩʱ䡣
Ŀĺܼ򵥣޼ʥʣ֮û˻ע⵽
̤̤̤
Ųɿ죬ֱƵ̤㿴ЩѵĻ꺣ͫȻһ˱ŵð
顭ˣˡ

ȻӦ˹ԼǱˣ֣תƵ
ˣˡ
Ľкд˲䴫޼ʥء

408³ɽ

һ⼸֣޼ʥ˲һƬȻ
ݣ
ƿϴЩԭڱչصĳϷ׷׳أŻƵ۶һֵ飬
ȿĳһץס飬ʵ˵׷ʲô£
ڵ䲻ھʧ룬ɴ΢΢ֱ۲ѿʱĶȻǼΪƽ񲻹ǿװ˶ѡ
֮Ҳ׷׿飬ȴӦ
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ѣԼ೤ϵĻҲˡ
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ץסɫ䣬һѽ˦ֱƵڣ೤Ҳ׷׸̤У
Ƭ̹һڳٴδӻƵ̤ʱɫˮüĿŨŨĿ־֮ɫ
ôô
ǼͻĴڣ̫ԽӦûնɱŶԣĪ֮˳˲ɣ
ԡ
ûжֵɣ¶ȻʥйأǸ
һĿٴͶ飬ʵôΪڲ˵ػƵںδ
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سϣġ
һڳϵɫ׺ͬӬһѿ
úúãһһԳ
ǴҵǴһֺ̣Ǳûв´Ļҩ԰ѱϴһա
ļһлˣҶʬΡ
һڳԣҲǷ׷ŭ
Ĺεļһô¾֪ǣĿ
û²ôˣǸѪĴۣͽ͸
ڳߣ޲ھȥ׷ɱԳˡ
ʵ֮ԷŭҪΪԷϴҩ԰ԷôԴЩȻʮֲʡ
죬ץʱ׷ȥһһûԶ
һλϷӦæˡ
ԣһڳϷ׷׻ع
û׷ǣͽӵ޼ʥԴЩҩǵġ
򵥵Ľ̸ڳһ¾ȥ׷ɱԳˡ
ҪЩҲף֮еԴòҩ԰ΨһԴ
׷ɱԳֻĿ֮һҪĻ޼ʥأʱ³ֻ·һ
նɱ޵֮˲֣ʥЩҲ֣û˶ǿߵıӻǸ޷ֿ
ݣ
ƿһڳϷ׷׻ʧؼ䣬ֻһڵԭһᶼûع
ջ˼˵
λ޼ʥѾˣ;뿪ɣ˿ɾˡ
˵仰ҲǺηӦֱתȥ
ֻ鲢δֱ뿪޼ʥأǳԼĳɽ塣
һڳ϶뿪ˣһԴȻΪ֮ϸѹһһʲջ
һֵҲͬ뷨лعҲǷ׷׳ɽ塣
󲿷ֵǱȽϧ֪޼ʥشȥ󣬽ǵһʱ뿪
ҲΪ޼ʥص룬ʥԼϢٴԭ޼ʥصЩǵõϢ
֪Ϣ󣬸һʱǰ޼ʥ̽飬ȷϢα
ûã̽ӷ׷׷أ̽Ϣ˻ȥ
֪ϢΪ棬߲ǷˣνǼ˼㡣
ΪʥظӹȻõӻȴҪϽԴȻԹԡ
κʥǿڶ࣬ͬһͷȻٶ಻ʣΪ˱ȫҲֻѡ
ʥظ߲㶼ˣԸ˵һĻᡣ
һʱ䡣
׷׿ʼ֣һʱҪֵļƣֻΪ޵ʥƿص
ֻûϾĿǰ֪޼ʥظ߲㱻˭ʱȥԴǳ׳Ϊͷ
նɱ޵ʥظ߲λǿ߶ϣԼȺ˵Ȼ֮֡

޼ʥϷǧ￪⡣
ɽ
һ·ֱۣ̤ɽŸҷٶȡ
ӳˡ
𳤺һڸ̾
ֱʱǽ滺Ҳ¶ظЦݡ
һԵԳһӦ
̲ס˵֣ǲ̫СˣԷɱҲûǰ޵ʥذɣ
ҡҡͷڣ㡭
³һ֣Ȼֵֹķ֣֪ʱλԼʮɿĵطͻȻӰ

409
쳣Ӧ˲Գע⣬æ˳Ŀⷽ˹ȥ
һԳҲڲԶӰɫȻһ䣬жʱֳ֮ɫԾ
˳ֵ̫죬ǸǲɣɴӿʼԼ˶δ˿ʵ̫졣
ǡ޼ʥʥĻ졭
𾭹Ƭ̴ͺ󣬺ܿϳߵݣĶʱռݡ
ǿߣܿһ£ɶĽȻûлĿܡ
Ͼʥѳ׷˫νǲݣ֮Գ֣ΪҶ졣
ҶĽԼʥѣе˼ȻǲԶ϶йء
˿ûҪֵ뷨ֻһͷǱǽ߾ȫ˵ء
ˢ
ûпԳһʱȼվѪԥתܡ
ۼôˣԳһʱ͸ȥֻٶҪЩ
ݣ
˸ܳȥûԶҶĽͬʱˣǻӰ۶˲Ϣʱ׷Գ
ҶֱӶýѪһ⣬˲ǰ
Сӣ
ۼҶ쾹ԼʱɱĴֱӴóһ
ȥɡ
˫ֽճҶӭȥǴ㽫һ
вԼҲĽѣһССҶԷȻ

ʯ䣬˫ײһȻսӴ˲䣬֮ȥȡ֮޾־塣
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͡
Ļû˵꣬һѪӿ˳ȥ
ڻڱѵԭгҲַɳ˫ֱѪ졣
¡
أ˲ҳһ޿ӣ
ȿȿȡ
ҵĿϴӾ޿дһٴοȳѪʱģҪжҡ
⡭⡭
ԳһĻ϶ʱ¶һı飬æֹסӰҶĿг˿־壬ǰһ
ϾǱӲʵԳսҪЩ
ҶһˣΪԼ俹⣬Է³ֻҡ
Գ뻻ܣһͷͶĽ죬·׷
ͨ
ΣԳܲסѹͨһֱӹȥ
Ը⳼
ĵͬʱԳæָϵĴָȡ˫ָ߸߾
޼ʥʱ⽫ҩ԰ϴһֻҪһԴҶԸ˫ַϡ
£ԳĽ첻Ͽͷͷǳײõ죿
Գڵͷ˲䣬۵ֳŨԹ֮ɫ
Գ﷢ģֻҪԼܹҪһᱨĽˣյӱȥ
ȻԳ֪ǣĽΪѹɱ⣬ӲĽĸ֪
һĨԹĿ⣬ҲĽ쾡۵ס
£߷һʱĶߣĽȻûôɵ
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ĽЦһ˵ˣжҲҵġ
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Գɫ䣬ͷĶҲ̧ͣͷĽ졣
֪ԷǺεɱԳ׶ԷŹԼ϶ʱֳԹ֮ɫ
Ȼ·Ҳùȥɡ
ŭͬʱԳȻֱҶڷ룬ʼ͡
ԳȻҲѰֶûãֱѡԱܴҶͬھԼҲ
͡
뷨ȷʵãʵʮֲпᡣ
ĽΪǰԳԱڳ롣
ֻĽָԳ㱻ﱻֱӺ飬ͬйƤһ㼫ٸɱ
ѣԳΪٵ䣬Ϣһٶɢգ۹һأŨ
ҡҲġ

³ôһ仰Գһҵأº㳹û˶
ɶ񡭡
ۼԳôˣ˵Ǿڹڿ־ԭܿƵĲ
ԸôٴȼվѪʵֻΪѰһ
ݣ
ֶ̧һץǱɵĳٴλصС

˫ȻӵնҶ졣
ˢˢˢ
˸ĵйҶ·
ȥɣ
ۼʱˣҶͷ϶

410ǰ޼ʥ

ɽʧˣƴȫһҶ׾ٵ¡
һҶվԭأδ˰벽Լֱ۷飬Ϻˡ
㡭㵹ʲô
ˣԼΪƣսҶѹƣʮֵĲġ
ͣ
ٴοڣ󷽵Ľˣһ㽫ͷ­飬׽˶Է
նɱԷҶĽ쵱㿪ʼɨսԷеԴϽǸֳЦݡ
ݣ
Ҷ߸մƿ
ҶæԴȥӰ̤նʱֵЩˣΪ׷˵һ޼ʥسϡ
ڳϸһŵһŨѪζüͷʱһϵǱޱأ
ǡ𣿡
һλͻȻָ̧˲ԶǾͷʬ塣
೤ԣæ˳ָ˹ȥһϸ󣬻ȷͷʬ
ǽ¶Ȼ֮ɫ𾹱ɱˣڳһκˡ
ͷ˫΢УĿæͶĽڷ򣬿ɵĽݣ˲ɫ䡣
ãʥʥ
еͬʱ޼ʥͷϵһʱת෴ķܡ
ڿɹ˲ʲôԴˣס֮أɲĽûʲôĿġ
ͷϲδѹԼ೤Ҳ֪ĽݺҲǵһʱѡܡ
ĽȻŹЩһ뽭һ۹󣬵ֳ׷ȥ
ۣ

ĲҽϴҶ׷ɱ޼ʥһڳϸ޷ֵһĹ˱նɱ
ҴԽԽ٣޼ʥͷ϶ʱˣôȥԼҪ׷ϣ
ͷһ۽Լ೤ϣʱŭ
ЩҪ͸ҷͷܡ
ͷôһѣ೤Ϸ׷׷Ӧ˹ȼվѪŲͬķ򼲳۶ȥ
Ҷʵȷʵǿվֻˣͷȷʵõѡ
Ȼ޼ʥڳȴһ⣬Ľһǿߣǵֶ𲻵̫á
ۼ޼ʥڳϴֿܣĽҲȥѹϯ˱ѹ˹ȥ

ͨͨ
ѹĳ£ԭڷ񼲳۵һڳϷ׷ֹסΣͬ½һ㣬档
Ҫɱҡ

һڳϷģ֪ѹǱʧȥ˷
ۣ
Ľ޶ãֱһڳҶ
ĻԨϢй¶޼ʥطʣǵþϹȥУɲ˽ȵǡ
ĽҶ֮ԳҪĿ޼ʥر⡣
޼ʥشô꣬ղصԴȻȻѽĻԨնɱȻܷŹ
޼ʥسӶݣʥضȻ֮УϹȥ׼޼ʥر֡
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˽һʱ䣬Ҷ콫ҩϡ
ˢˢˢ
Ҷ˫ֲЩҩںһ
ҩΪһҶһʱرնǣ漴߶עڡ
ˣ
źʼ汻ɫâһޱĸо
ֻ״̬δ̫ãά˲Ϣʱ䣬ָ˳֮С
ɨһ۱ջĿ⣬һжȶֻҪȴɼɡ
ۼɵһʱ䣬ֱӽú֮ٴĥһԼ

ֵڡ
ֵλ֮ϣĿͶ·һӣѯʵ
˵ɳȥЩ˶ˣ
ԷֵѯʣɴæӦصˣҽͬһʱ䡣
ֵһأȥ̽Ϣ䲻رǿҲӵǿߡ
һ˲䱻նɱ֮ٵǿߣڷֵ¶Ȼʥйء
ǿϢأ
ҡҡͷصδκϢء
õظֵ˶ݵĳĬ֮Уָľнţ
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ֱֵ˵ֻбһˡ
һֵжæʥʥ̤𾳣ðȻǰǲ̫Σˣ
罫Ϣ֪־ڤԼȥ̽Ǹá
ֵԳĬˣ˼֮ɫ
Ƭ̷ֵҡҡͷδܷʥؾλãðȻϢ֪־ڤɳܲסԷŭ𡣡
İɣðҿɲԼЦ
ۼֵ˵ˣҲȰ衣
ȥһЩ֣ʱ뱾һͬж
ǡ
Ӧһ󣬵˳

ڷֵ׼ʱ䣬־ڤҲûţһʱķ۵糸̤ڵؽ硣
־ڤĿȷֱڶȥ
־ڤδϢԭһ·˲ʿע⡣
־ڤԶȥʿ̲ס
áÿֲϢԷǰķƺڣĪ޼ʥѰ˲ɣ
˻һ˵ڣ˿ڷ
޼ʥ֮ˣ޼ʥʥ嶼ˣܻд˵ǿߡ
û޼д˵ǿߣʥͱǸˡ
ҪҪȥ
ͻȻôһ䣬ʿϽ¶⶯֮ɫ
ȥҲ޷ֻҪҵȲֳκζ⣬ԷȻǳ֡
ûȥ
ʿȥ̽Ѱڣİǿǰ̽·Ȼᡣ
Щ׷ʿӿٶȣ־ڤʧ׷ȥ
ʿ˹ȥһЩϽʿѡܱԸ̯˻ˮ

417½׵
ৣ
Щȥʿмۣϳڷ򿿽
ЩʿҲ֪֪֮־ڤǵģⱣְȫ룬ҿ̫
־ڤΪǿߣʿԼȻ׾ٷ֡
Դ־ڤûйᣬЩʿ˵죬ȫûҪϣ֮ǰڲ̽
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Ϊ˸ô£־ڤΧǻЩʿ˽ڵ׷ʲôֻܴǿлϢ
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ʵʵ϶Էһ
ˢ
־ڤһͻȻЩʿǰ˵δʵѹһʿǸоѹɽ󣬺ԵЩء
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찡ȻƷ׵һǺã֪ܸĺõĶҶȻȥش⡣
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ʿɵӣԼһɢֺöȻɱ֮

һ󣬺ʿٽ׵ɨһǼĿⲻƵʿٳڡ
ʿףҪȷȫֻܽ־ڤƣֻѡȥ
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磬Ҫȥ𣿡ʿСܼ״̲סѯʡ
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ԼСܰѻ˵꣬ʿִ
λǰʹͶѣȻںһϵܴɾһǡ
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ôһ˵СҲеĵĿ־֮ɫȥ˲١
߰ɣǵÿȥɲǼһˡ
һȳʿʧ׷ȥ

418ȥ
ۺʿߣڵĵһʱ䣬δȥѰ־ڤǾֱںɽȥ
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ϾЩʿ־ڤֿ죬ȻԷ
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˵µֶΣ־ڤûʲô취
ϾҪҵһСڣѶȷǳ֮󣬸οأѰѶٴμӴ
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ݣ
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ʿһ·ۣɽڴǰƵɽܵһĪѹȸУһ˿
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ԽԽʿӿڣڷ˸׳졣
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˵仰ڵӿת뿪ܿʧС
Ϊ˷ֹ˸ԼڵӲûֱ۷ȥж˼Ȧȷ˺ŸҷСڴ
һ˳ʵôߵԭ;δκ˵ע⡣
һصڲС磬̽Ϣ֪Է
֪ǿ٣ԼһڳϽɫ䣬漴ü両ֳں顣
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죬ǽ
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420²
һ־ڤǰȥֵʱһϲԷǿߣͬаȫԽ
飬ֵȻܾ
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ɡ
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š
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ղ˵ЩΪӦһ־ڤѣȻ֪ԷɱģȻһЩС
ֵҲ־ڤһҪڣƾֵµЩˣܵסԷֻбɱ
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Ҷһ־ڤ㱻漴ĿͶĻƳ硣
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442º
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Χֻƣټ˲ԭ򣬵»ԵЩӣ»û˴
سڵλãҶҲʮ⣬ٴõ󷨣֮ϵǿߣ

ҶӺײĴɨһȦѡλãֱӿʼ󷨡
Ľ죬ҲﲻʲôæֻܾһΪҶ커
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ڵ׼˵ЩʲôȴҶһסָ΢΢Էֱӱ顣
նɱڵӺҶֽԷ˳
ȡԷ꣬Ҷ㿪ʼ׷ڵӡ
ӵнѪҶ죬ȻѡͷܣҲ𲻵κãҲûӹնɱˡ
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Ͼ˫УѪҶɲиС
ѡ¶٣Ϊ֮ͬ˷ֵѹԼͨɸ콾Ѫǿʵνһá
˾ߺҶ첻ٳɣ𣬽Ӱ֣һмۡ
Ҷ첢δϢһ޼ɵΪܿʿע⡣

462컯ײ
ҶԶȥЩʿ̲ס
һﵽ˭ţĪǲɣ
һ˸͡
ؾ޼ɵһһͷ࣬˻˶á
ûû
ʿϣǻҶ´̣öԷܿ䡣
ɾʱһʿС˵
Ǽһﴩķƺʥʥӣ˵᲻ҪҵҶ졣
˻һڣ˲ˣǷ׷ɫһ䣬ͷ˼
һ˼ʿ²ǶԵģϾղ˲ٵΪţϢȷʵǿ
ʥڣӵʵһƺҲֻҶǼһˡ
ߣǿ׷ȥ
Ӧ󣬵ʿҶʧ׷ȥ
ڤڿ˵ˣṩҶ֮ˣһԴܽԷնɱõһö컯
컯Ʒҩúɶжϴ跥ǣЩʡ
ⵤҩԸ콾˵ױջҶ٣ȻҪȥС
ݣ
ƿϴ콾ͨٳҶʧ׷ȥ
ʱ䲻ƣ׷Ҷ콾ԽԽ࣬Ȼμ٣ʼ޷Ҷ졣
׷ʱ䲻ϱ䳤콾ǿˣҶϷˣǡ
ȻٷŭЩýҲûʲô취ٶϵĲӲˣҲֻܿŭ
ò˵Ҷ취Чôһڣܿڤڵע⣬ڤڵӼ׷С
ۼٳ޷һڵӵУһٶ̫죬ȫڱǣűߡ
ƾҵκβҶ죬뾡콫Ϣ֪ӣֻҪ֣һﶨȻǴ´ࡣ
ڵԣҲǳǲκγɣæϢ˳ȥ

̫ؾɽ
𣡡
һǵĻХԲХ죬ֲ˷ӣ;Ա顣
ڻХλãһӡ
ֳֳһͷ׻Ӱ˺Ȼڤӣġ
ˢ
ĻӶгŴǰһնɱڰ׻Ѫ£ͷȻΣҲܲ
͡
ƿԷһΪ
һͷʶΪޣͱôնɱ
ɹնɱȡ޺ˣͷȥ
ĸһͷڤڵӱӭͷУһ걻⻷ƵСݡ
Сҡҷɢһζʱ޿̶һͲǷ
һ۾˳ɫСΪײݣʵʵƷҩ
ײ̺󲻽Ϊܼǿޡ
ӵа׻ѪƿЩײݣ˵绢
ֻҪײıɽǰΪĥһԼΪˡ
ӣҲõˣ
ײݵڵӶһ漴ڡ
⼸Ӷ׷ߣĴһնɱޣĶĳ֮
ãɵò
ֽӹײݣ֪ײ̺һľ漴ֳЦݡ
ãܺã
ײݹȻûñʧеǲ
̾ı׼ͽҵطײݣϾⶫҩʱƲʧ뾡С
һ뷨ճдѶȴ˷Ӧʱüͷһ塣
Լ˵ʱ򱻴ţĶԴʮֲ⣬룬ѹŭ⽫Ѷ˳
ɨӣڵӴϢѸɨһ顣
֪ǷҶʱһ˿˲ʧȡ֮˷ܡ
ãܺãҵˡ˫ð⣬ͬʲôһ㡣
֮˷ܣҪǺ˽ҶϢԽ˽ľԽģҶԽȤ
̶̼ʱ䣬ҶһΪ콾ΪͻٶȿҲͰˣޱʵ
΢һ˲²⣬Ҷ֮Կ𣬶
ԼõԷʵȻҲͻͽ
Դӽ̫ؾľһֱѰҶ죬ֻΪõԷκһѰδֶԷ
ҶϢȻǲ뵢飬æóһУײֱӷз档
ڿС;ųײҩʧٶȻ

463鵤
ֽ봢䣬ĵ㶯׼ȥѰҶ졣
ӡӲˡ
ĸ׼һ󾪺ִæѰȥֻһʿǱԼ
ĲİԷΪܴԼǰɳ̽ϢģΪ
˵ΪرߣԱȫûʲô⣬ܴԼ˵Ҷ֡
ʱܴǱǷʲô£ⲻĵȤ
˼֮ʣܴѳɹǰٴξŽк
񡭡ӡ²ˡ
ֵܴ̿Ľк˼ջأ΢΢üԷ
˵˵ɣʲô£
ܴæȶ񣬶󽫲ǰ˵һ顣
ӣҵȰȥ׷ɱʥصӣڲǰּˣһȴг˴
ǼʥصΪޱʵҽ˫ѪԽСս
˫Ѫ⼸һڣԭģͫȻһ麧ȻޱȣĲš
Ҫ֪˫ѪӵߣǿһĴڣһ콾֮УҲԳһ˫Ѫӵߡ
ɵӵ˫Ѫ֮ˣֻҪѪرδܳΪһ뢡
ܴе֪ʥؾӵ˫Ѫ콾һֹһˣĶٺãʱҲ޷ƽ

ǿƽϢ۵â
૵һʥأӶԽԽȤˡ
Ĳɵӣ΢һ˼⡣
ֻһ˫Ѫӵߣ˵ʥãյһ콾
콾ֹһλɴ˱ƶϳʥƿӵ˫ѪΪһ콾
Լƿ취ǿʵһ콾Ȼ֮ܰۡ
ԽԽԭȥԸҶı⣬ȴЩ˫Ѫ콾֡
ӵ˫ѪնɱҶƺûôҪˡ
ջ˼ĿͶܴ
·ȥԻЩһ
ԣܴȴһɫĿЩȥġ
ӡҡ⡭
ܴ״Σһʱ䲻֪˵Щʲôüǽ֮ɫ
ôʲô𣿡
ٴοڣʱɱ˼֣ѹֱܴϣٸкѼ֡
֪ԽԽϢֻܴӲͷƤصءӣҲ֪Щһںδ
ǰȥΧʦֵܽԱնɱӵһзҲزˡ
һ䣬ܴæͷȥġ
ܴЩɫԽɢѹԽԽֲ

ѹĳ£ܴ¶ʹ֮ɫ̲סһƺ
ĬƬ̡
ܴʲôٴοڣӣ֪ôܽ
üͷ΢Ϣ糱ˮȥܴٸһɡ
ʲô취
ֱ˵ѯʡ
ӣҴǼ˫Ѫ콾̸е֪ƺҶհ
ֻҪҶ죬ܽǼ˫Ѫҵõܡ
һ䣬̧ܴͷСɨһۡ
ܴһ˵жʱ䣬û뵽һȦٴƻҶϡ
˵Ҳ£Ǽ˫Ѫ콾֪٣ȴҶںη
ĿȥѰ˫Ѫ콾ǰȥԸҶȷʵΪʡ¡
һƲǼ콾֮ӵ˫ѪкܴĸҶйأ¶Է֪һС
һĶٸãǻֳһĨЦݡ
ƽĿڵصݴ˵ΰòǸĽ
һ䣬һףһƿҩֱӶܴ
ӭĴƿܴæֽץסеҩ΢΢
鵤ȻƷ鵤
ⵤҩΪһᡣ
ǿѹϲ֮飬ܴæһ񣬹˵лӣ
νİ˰֡
ӦõģһһҪȥ졣
һĻзԸܴԼֵĻᣬæӻ
ʥкηԸܿڣ¶߾ȫȥ졣
š
ܴһӦʮ⣬οĵ˵ͷܼ򵥣Ҫȥ׷ѰǼ˫Ѫ콾١
ǽսҵԷϢ֪֮ɣһԳ֡

464棬Զɽ
һֻ̽ټɣܴһ˲æڻӦ
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ĵ˵ͷ漴ٴο˵ˣձӷԸȥǣȥҶ졣
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ܴعѿӰ
ֽеҩ봢䣬ܴһҲҵ飬æȥѰҶһˡ
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ϾİŵģټڱҪԸʥأ˵ܴϢȥ˿ҵ
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Ÿ׷׼ѰУʥڵӿνΣأΪ˱֤ȫֻöء
ҶټҶһֳĶС˲עΪʥӼ᲻Сѹ
ȻˣһʥصΧ֮УĽΪʥʥܵ˸ա
ҶƵĵҩʹĽʵ˲٣ڸ߲Χ֮С
ȻɹסĽҲ˵ĴۣһѨϣǳֹۡ
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ͣ
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Ľ䣬һϸ΢ŲУʱæϢӵֽԼó
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Ľ죬֪棬ʶȤĻԼԹԳҿԸʹ졣
Ľûлػæϸ̽飬һɨӺ֣߾ֻһˣһ滺˲١
ֻһѰԼһҲûУһϢ
֪Լѱ¶ȥûκ壬Ľֳ߳Ѩ
ĽѨ⣬һ߱ӳ
Ľ첢İԷΪԶɽǹ棬ʵΪء
˵̫ؾΪѹƵ۷壬ɶԷ̤𾳶̱꣬Ľǿ̫ࡣ
Ȼ˫ͬΪսûвС࣬ĽһˣвԶɽµġ
Ϊ˰ΧĽ첻ϧȼվѪӶݣΪʱȫû뵽Էô׷
ĽɫԶɽһЦϷ˵ô۳𣿡
Ľ춨˶񣬳ҵҵģ
ĽѯʣԶɽƺΪ鲻ԭ򣬾ֱӸ˻Ӧ
һ˲䣬۾ӡǣдӡڣ뵽Ȼ׾١
˵ˣ㲻ΪƾʵܳҵΧɣ
ԣĽͫ
ûĽ쿪ڣԶɽܳɹӳǱΪ֮
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˵ͬʱԶɽˣһĽ졣
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ĽһӶֱնԶɽ
Դ߳Ѩһ̿ʼĽڻһʮֲֿȫʢʱȫһ
ͬСĽˣǿĹҲǲСģҲѹƲס
ͣ
һնĽܷɣȻһѪɫɷֽ
Ļ̌ͷԼնһϣϡ
ĽףԼҳĽ޷˵Զɽ׶༪٣ûжս
ͣ
ĽȫһԶɽдһЦмӭϣ˿ûնĽ

465ƿ
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¡
뽣ײһĽնĽֱӱ飬ȥƲĽ죬˲ǰ
ʲô
Ľ״ʧɫзһ󾪺ɫѿѡ
Զɽһֲ̫Ľһ벻ۼ޷ֻܿòܵˡ
ͣ
Ľ绮һ˿ڣѪϴ˿ڴ˸ǱֱӺ˳ȥ

ŵɶĽ죬ԶɽзЦüǵ֮ɫ
̤̤̤
ԶɽĽ߳˸׹⣬˿ɱ⡣
Ľ죬Ե³ΪһӾڿ⣬ò˵һﻹ޴
ģ󣬱һףʥһնɱϾһ֮˾Ҫ롣
ʥµԴҵҲ˷ѡ
ԶɽԽ˵ЦԽŨĽԼһ֮䣬ָоǳ泩һʱնɱĽ졣
Զɽ뷨ܼ򵥣ǱĥһĽ죬öԷʥӣԴﵽ󻯡
Թ־ܰɡ
˵ôһԶɽ̧ץĽ졣
ݣ
Զɽָȥһ룬ȴͻȻƿ
˭
Զɽŭһ˲ת򣬾ֱȥ
飡
ӭĺֱӱķɣ;ײʮùסΡ
ͣ
סΣӱһѪ
磬û°ɣ
˸˺۵ĺӣǵ֮ɫ
Ľһ۱ϳݣʱֵһˣȻҶһǡ
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Ҷһ츳̤ûʱ䣬ǰԶɽܶ۷Ϊ
˴Ϊ࣬ȻҶһһϣҲԶɽһ֮Уǰװѡ
ҶһˣĽ컹ǱȽϿصģȻǳ֡
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Ľɫֱӿѡ
Ŷ
ԶɽһЦſ˵ԭʥصˣ˵Ϊ˲֪
ΪѣԱ֣Ǹ֪ļһ
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룡
Ľ״ȼվѪٳԶɽֻΪҶһȡʱ䡣
ˢ
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ĽƴƣԶɽЦԽŨ㲻ǿг֣⼸츳һ㡣
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ȻȼվѪΣɲǱ֣Ǵѡ
ˢˢˢ
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˵ԶɽΪʥĽҲһȻҲû뵽Ҷһȫ˫Ѫӵߡ
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һʥ֮Уͬʱλ˫Ѫ콾һܡ
ƿܣҶȻҲܶһ˫Ѫ콾ʱҶ𣬳ΪҲǲܡ
ԶɽԽ˵ԽȵĿⲻɨҶһˡ
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Զɽ䣬Ҷһ˵Ĺǰݺݳײ
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һкȻը˲γһɿֲҶһϯȥ

466ЩЦ
ͣ
飡
ֻһ棬Ҷһ˵Ĺ㱻飬Ҳ˳ȥԷұ֮С
ͣ
Ҷһƣ˫֮ʵ̫󣬽ֻһغϽǱˣ׷׿Ѫ
Ľ쿴һĻԽƳԶɽֱֳֳӶ似
罣
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ԶɽȭͷȥƲݺײĽ쳤ϡ
볤ײԶɽȭͷδܵκ˺ƾֱֲӽĽ˳ȥ
ͣ
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ڵϵĽ죬ԶɽһĲм֮ɫ
˵ˣһзͽͣڱǰֿѡûҪη
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Զɽ˵Ȼ޷֪ӵ˫ѪץסҶһˣ˵ҲһĪջ
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ԼΪǿߣȴһλʺг˴һʱԶɽЩ޷ܡ
˵Ϊѹ۷壬Լľ⣬˵ӦֱѹҶŶԡ

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ԶɽЮ⣬һǶȴҶ죬ֺޱȡ

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Զɽ˻˫Ѫ
УȥˣսپС
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Сȥɡ
ԶɽһֻȻָ̽ΪҶüġ
죬Сģ
Զɽһ̫ͻȻԶĽ״æѡ
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